THE LIBRARY

OF

THE UNIVERSITY

OF CALIFORNIA

BEQUEST OF

Alice R. Hilgard

'.^''

Digitized by the Internet Archive

in 2007 with funding from

Microsoft Corporation

http://www.archive.org/details/basicoutlineofunOOandrrich

TELE BASIC OUTLINE

OF

UNIVEESOLOGT.

AN INTRODUCTION TO THE NEWLY DISCOVERED SCIENCE OF THE

UNIVERSE: ITS ELEMENTARY PRINCIPLES; AND THE

FIRST STAGES OF THEIR DEVELOPMENT

IN THE SPECIAL SCIENCES.

TOGETHER WITH

PRELIMINAKY NOTICES OF ALWATO {fM-Wall-tO^ , THE NEWLY DISCOVERED

SCIENTIFIC UNIVERSAL LANGUAGE, RESULTING FROM

THE PRINCIPLES OF UNIVERSOLOGY.

BY

STEPHEN PEARL vANDEEWS,

Member of the Amencan Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Ethnological Society, the

New York Liberal Glub, etc. ; AutJior of " TJie Science of Society,''''

''''Discoveries in Chinese," etc.

'O i9eof azl -yeuiisTpel — God perpetually georaetrizes. — PLATO.

REVELATION THROUGH SCIENCE; PHILOSOPHY OF INTEGRALISMj ADVENT OF THE RECONCILIATIVE HAMVIONY OF IDEAS.

NEW YORK: DION THOMAS, 141 FULTON STREET.

1872.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

T.\BLE OF Contents pp. iii, iv.

Intkoduction v-xxxix.

fecial — \>Y tlie author v-ix ; xxxvi-xxxviii.

" Prof, M. A. Clancy ix-xx ; xxxviii, xxxix.

" Kev. Edward B. Freeiand xx-xxvi.

** David Hoyle xxvi-xxviii.

" Hon. J. West Nevius xxix-xxxiv.

** Prof. AugLL.tus French Boyle xxxiv-xxxvi.

Notice to the Reader ; References, Abbreviations, and Explanatory

Remarks xl.

Vocabulary xli-cxix.

CHAPTER /.

General Statement and Distribution of the subject; Classification of the

Whole Field of Human Knowledge pp. 1-47

CHAP TEE II.

Definitions and Hlustrations of Analogy and Correspondence ; General Statement of the Evolution of Thought, hitherto ; Principles of Organ ization and Evolution 48-96

CHAPTER I IT

Analogy more accurately defined ; Scientific Analogy as the Basis of Universology ; The three Fundamental Laws of Universal Science — UNISM, DUISM, and TRINISM, stated, illustrated, and defined 07-174

IV TABLE OF CONTENTS.

CHAPTER IV.

NuMBEK ; its Universal Aspects ; of the various Numekical Series, and of the Meanings of Numbers ; Introductory Treatment of the Analogues of Form ; Parallel Distribution and Tabulation of the Total Scientific Domain and of the several Systems and Departments of Pliilosophy ; The Great Crisis ; Suggestive Programme of Human Destiny. . .pp. 175-351

CHAPTER V.

Form ; the Science of Pure or Abstract Morphology (the Science of Forms or Shapes), and its Relations to Universologt, with Diagram- matic Illustrations ; Points, Lines, Surfaces, and Solids, with their Symbolism or Correspondential Signification 352-488

CHAPTER VI.

Morphology and UNrvERSOLOGY Continued ; their Relations to Human Destiny ; The GRAND RECONCILIATION of All Intellectual Concep- tions, and the Prospective Harmony of the Organic Social Life of Man 489-640

Digested Index 641-764

INTRODUCTION.

During several years past, my personal friends, and, to some extent, the Scientific World at large, have been made aware that claims existed to the discovery of a new Science of Unparalleled Extent and Impor- tance, under the name of Universology.

The time having arrived for a more formal and public announce- ment, and for the partial exposition of the Science itself, I prefer, for various reasons, to rely for first impressions upon the statements of others who have had opportunity to know of its nature, rather than to stand upon my own unsupported estimate and affirmation of its value ; — in advance, I mean, of the study of the work itself ; for when people are invited to a laborious undertaking, they require to be certi- fied from some source that it is likely to repay them their effort. I shall therefore embody in this introduction several papers on the sub- ject of the Science from pens other than my own.

The testimonials which follow are wholly from persons among those whose opportunities for knowing have been the best of which the in- fantile and developing stage of the Science itself would admit, in the ab- sence of other Text-Books than miscellaneous and cumbersome manu- scripts which were subsequently to be recast and perfected for publica- tion. They are from among the members (Professors and Students) of the Practical or Working University, which, during these several years past, the quiet but profound and extended elaboration of the New Science has spontaneously called to my aid, and organized into a Volunteer Corps of generous and ef&cient helpers.

One of the additional reasons for the introduction of these pieces justificatives is the unavoidable fact, that in so condensed an exhibit as the present volume contains of the New Science, some statements occur in the body of the work which, at the time they are adduced, do not admit of a proof amounting to demonstration. The Reader or Student will, therefore, at times be required to labor through a pre- liminary exposition embodying propositions which will only be com- pletely established by the reflection of light thrown back upon them from a subsequent exhibition and treatment of other departments of the great subject, more adapted to exactness of demonstration. There might be a liability, therefore, that the Student, aware of the high

VI INTEODUCTIO]^^.

demands of rigorous Scientific method, should receive erroneous im- pressions, in consequence of these necessary conditions of the subject, before arriving at the key of the Science, unless his faith was some- what stimulated by the authority of those that had gone before him.

It is now more than five years since the discovery of Univensology was an accomplished fact — satisfactorily so to my own mind. It is about that period since the paper which follows, from the pen of Mr. Freeland, substantially as it now appears, was printed, and distributed to some extent, as a circular letter. In the meantime incidental announcements have appeared in the CoJitinental Mo^itlily, in the Evening Post, in the Home Journal, of this city (New York), and else- where.

During the whole term of these five years I have been engaged in struggling with the problem of presentation. The immensity of the field, the necessity for lucidity, and the novel character of the scope of investigation, together with the method pursued, all concurred to make the task one of extreme difficulty.

It is obvious, on reflection, that there must be a Science of the Uni- verse as such, as distinguished from the Special Sciences of the Parts or of the Spheres or Domai7is of the Universe ; and yet the very idea is one which is hardly entertained with any clearness of conception in the Scientific World.

All Philosophy has indeed aimed, in a sense, at this result, but the methods of Speculative Philosophy are too vague to satisfy the demands of the Scientific World, and in the sense of a Science properly so called, the idea of anything Universal has been almost entirely wanting. The Scientific men are Specialists. Their labors are as if a colony of learned ants were to have undertaken the investigation of the Human Body. One section of the little Community devotes itself to the ex- haustive examination of a finger nail, another to that of a lobe of the ear, another to that of the hair of the beard, and others to the investi- gation of all the various parts and organs and systems, segregated and regarded singly; but they have been so busy in these special and minute examinations, that it has never occurred to any one of them to guess even, or, in anyvevent, to give a due consideration to the fact, that all of these various subjects are the parts and constituents of a Man; and that, therefore, the first thing to know, logically speaking, in order to know anything rightly, of these particular subjects, is the General Design and the Exact Outlay of the Man himself

Suppose, however, this idea to be finally attained to, and the prin- ciples of this larger Science discovered ; still, the question of the hest

INTEODUCTIOIS'. Vll

method for tJie presentation of a view of all these Subjects i7i their rela- tions to each other, under this new and unifying aspect of the entire case, would be a problem quite distinct from that of the original dis- covery, and hardly less difficult of solution.

Placed in a situation similar to that above intimated, I had, until recently, despaired of the possibility of a moderately brief exposition of Universology. I had elaborated in great part a work to consist of no less than Seven Volumes of the size of the present one. Early in the year Eighteen Hundred and Sixty-Six, however, I had so far mastered the subject myself, as to see my way clear to the abridgment and con- densation of the primitive plan, which I regarded, when seen to be practicable, as being in all senses desirable.

The Text of the present Volume was written, very nearly as it stands, during the year just mentioned, ending with the 13th of September of that year. Another considerable period was required for revision and for the Commentary and Annotation. The year 1807, lapping over into 1868, has been occupied in carrying the work through the press. I was assisted throughout its entire preparation by my friend, pupil, and coadjutor, J. West Kevins, as volunteer amanuensis, the manual labor of the production being thus almost wholly taken off my hands. The working University, organized in connection with the Discovery, has aided in various ways, critically and suggestively. I am indebted to my son, William S. Andrews, for considerable aid in the original designing of the illustrations. The Printers and Electrotypers, Smith & McDougal, are entitled to all praise for their assiduity and promptness, and for the mechanical facilities which they have at com- mand, as also Mr. Louis Pfenninger and Mr. L. Hauser, the intelligent, patient, and courteous compositors, who have executed the whole of this branch of the labor. My thanks are indeed due to so many par- ties, that I cannot attempt at present to enumerate all of my personal obligations in this behalf.

Professor M. A. Clancy, the author of the first of the annexed papers, was the earliest of my pupils and helpers m the elaboration of the New Science, — and of the New Language, adverted to, rather than in any sense expounded, or fully characterized even, in the present work, — if I except a noble and honored woman whose relation to the subject I hope to signalize more worthily on some future occasion.

Mr. Freeland was the next member of the incipient Universological conclave. He has acted as Assistant Pastor of the First Congregation of the New Catholic Church, which has an embryo existence in con- nection with the Theological Branch of the L^niversity. Some of his discourses embodying portions of the New Sciento-Eeligious Doctrine

Vlll INTRODUCTION.

will be published in the earliest collection of the Miscellaneous Docu- ments which have accumulated in connection with our movement. (1)

Mr. Hoyle has been simply a student of the Principles and Scope of Uni verso logy, Alwato, and IntegraUsm, in the limited way which the existing facilities for such study have rendered possible.

The relations of Mr. Nevins to my labors have been intimated above.

In respect to the body of the present work, the Reader will perceive that there are three varieties of matter: 1. The Text; 2. The OoM- MEjqTART ; 3. The Akkotation. The Text is the Basis of the other two. The Commentary consists of such additional original matter as has been prepared in direct connection with the Text, for its greater elucidation in minor particulars. The Annotation was intended to include extracts from other authors, and from my own previous manu- scripts, upon points related in some measure to the subjects treated of in the Text or the Commentary. The line of demarcation between the character of the matter in the Commentary and that in. the Annota- tion, is not always very distinct, and has rested, in many instances.

(1) "By the New Catholic Church is meant, in the largest sense, the Church Universal, protended in Time and extended in Space. But in an especial sense there is meant by the term a Central and Representative Cliurch embodying the idea of the Essential Reconciliation of All Religions, Sects, and Demnninations — without the renunciation of their denominational differences — upon the basis of the Principle revealed in Universology, that every Religious Development of the Past has been the Divine Expression of some Isolated Phase of the Higher Complex Truth. The New Catholic Church in this sense does not seek to found a new Sect merely, nor even to withdraw men from their Special Communions ; but, on the contrary, to furnish a Representative Centre of Unity in the midst of this Complex Variety. It proposes, hy the aid of a Science of Doctrines, — of their Significance and of their Relations to each other,— %o do for the Sects, and for a Mother Church— which to secure Unity has heretofore punished Heresy and Dissent — what an International Congress, or, still better, an Organized Seiento-Spiritual Planetary Institute of Government, may do for all Existing National Governments. In other words, it is now Scientifically perceived that the Divine Tyr>e and Model of Unity is a Unity prom Variety, and hence a Complex Unity, in the place of that Simple and Direct Unity which, in a first and provisional Stage of the Develop- ment of all human affairs, was naturally aimed at ; and that such is the Providen- tial Significance of that unconquerable Tendency to the formation of Sects which, fortunately, n^ devotion to Unity has ever heen able to defeat. This larger \4ew may be denominated tJie Beutero-Chrisfian, as differing from, while yet, in a sense, de- veloped from, the Proto-Christian Idea (Greek Deuteros, Second, Protos, First). The Drift and Expansion of the whole subject may best be seen from the attentive reading of the few last paragraphs of this work, from Text No. 1110 to the end ; and, upon the principle that Extremes meet, it may not be inappropriate to request the reader to annex those paragraphs to this Introduction.

INTEODUCTION. IX

merely upon the feeling in my own mind of the relative importance of the matters involved in reference to their bearing upon the Text. This interblending of the characters of these two parts of the work has arisen in a great measure, also, from the fact that the Annotation has served as a receptacle for Comments upon the Commentary ; often, then, returning, and passing again over the same ground, from some new point of view. Nevertheless it is possible that the Commentary and Annotation may become bases, respectively, for future enlarged Elaborations, and the Annotation ultimately for a truly Encyclopedic Accumulation of the materials extant in the literature of the World, related to those discussed in the Text ; and that then the Primitive Dis- crimination of the variety of Matter appropriate for each will be re- established and made obvious.

^aper contributed by fPro/essor Clancy to the Introduction of Z/7iiversology .

When a new discovery in some recondite department of human activity, mental or material, is achieved, the discoverer is placed in a peculiarly embarrassing position. Having penetrated the hidden re- cesses of Being, and caught a glimpse of a hitherto unknown secret, and rendered enthusiastic perchance by the view, he immediately attempts the task of imparting to his fellow-men his new-found knowl- edge. At the veiy outset, however, of such a labor, an almost insur- mountable obstacle presents itself: no language at command can adequately communicate the novel discovery. If new terms are coined, they are unintelligible ; if those already in vogue are employed, they are liable to be misunderstood by reason of old and special associations.

This dilemma is necessary and inherent in the nature of the case. Until the discovery is embodied in some intelligible form, the explorer must be content to work solitarily, using whatever means are at hand to connect the new knowledge with that which is already extant, in such manner as to render it available for appreciation and acceptance.

Happily, however, there exists a subtle nexus between the different domains of the Universe ; and a new discovery need not necessarily fail or be entirely lost. If not expressible in one set of terms, it may be in another. One department of knowledge becomes, as it were, a mirror, in which the others may be reflected ; and so a new discovery, if devoid of its own proper lingual clothing, may borrow a temporary dress from its neighbor.

X IlfTEODUCTION.

In these pages, tinder the title of "Basic Outline of XJniversology/' is given to the world the &st announcement of a discovery the most stupendous in its scope, extensive in its applications, and far-reaching in its results. Its author has bestowed upon it no less a designation than " Universology, or The Science of the Universe." The object of this introductory statement — by one who has enjoyed the inestimable privilege of being a student of the science for the past seven years — ^is to give some brief outline of his estimate of its char- acter, its importance and its bearing upon the destiny of the human race.

Universology is a Science which — owing to its peculiar character, the extent of its subject-matter, the intricacy and complexity of its applica- tions, and the importance of its influence upon the interests of Human- ity— is beset, in the labor of making it understood and appreciated, with difficulties commensurate with its vastness. If the discovery of an isolated fact or principle be not easy of exposition and comprehen- sion, the difficulty in the case of Universology is enhanced by so much as the whole is greater than a part. The problem is the more severe owing in part to the fact that the extreme simplicity of the fundamental aspect of the discovery is such that it is exceedingly difficult first to apprehend it, and then to express it in intelligible language; and in part to the novelty of view which the student is called upon to take of facts and phenomena with which he is already to a considerable degree familiar.

Prior to the modism revival of learning, scientific investigation was pursued in a great measure under an assumption of laio in the minds of the investigators ; and the consideration of external phenomena was conducted in accordance with such assumption. Cosmologies and Cosmogonies were produced in accordance with crude preconceived notions ; and satyrs and other monstrosities held an undisputed posi- tion in the classifications of natural history. From the nature of this mode of procedure, its application was fruitless in adding to our stock of positive knowledge. Bacon, perceiving the deplorable and unsatis- factory results of this infantile practice, and casting aside all assump- tion of laws or principles unsupported by facts, inaugurated, more formally, what is known as the Inductive Method in Science, which busies itself with the investigation and notation of the phenomena of the Universe with a view to derive therefrom a correct knowledge of their underlying laws. For three hundred years this has been the accepted method in the Scientific World ; and it has been settled in the minds of many that no other was or could ever be available or worthy of equal rank with it. The Baconian or Inductive Method of the past.

INTRODUCTIOj^. XI

however, finds its culmination, and, in a sense, its logical termination in the discovery of Universologj, and in the inauguration of what will be termed in the future the Andrusian or True Deductive Method applied to the Universe at large. This discovery has, therefore, a two- fold character. It is not only a Science vast as the Universe in its scope, but a metliod of Scientific Procedure capable of application to every domain of TJiought and Being, in the new investigations which will ever be demanded in exploring new special departments of Being. An important fact, bearing upon the consideration of the subject, must not be overlooked here. The labors of the Scientific World have been and are still directed almost wholly to the observation and classi- fication of the phenomena of the material, sensuous domains of the Universe, setting aside the consideration of the Spiritual or Mental as being too obscure to be subjected to the tests of scientific procedure. Abstract philosophy has had no part in the solution and settlement of scientific questions, and Metaphysics have been carefully and rigorously excluded from their just relations with the domain of Physics. The fact that the Science of the whole Universe has not been sooner dis- covered is no doubt partially to be attributed to this exclusion of one entire half of the field of investigation. The principal reason for this aversion of the scientific world to the consideration of the Spiritual or Immaterial half of Being is to be found, doubtless, in the fact that the method necessary for its investigation is one which stands in polar opposition to that of ordinary Science. An apt illustration of the difference between these two scientific modes is to be found in the History of Astronomy — one of the few sciences to which has been applied the True Scientific or Eeflective process, and almost the only one, with the exception of Geometry, which furnishes an example of the stupendous results of the application of Demonstrative Eeasoning. Until attention was turned away from the observation of external astronomical phenomena, and up to the period of the discovery that the earth possessed a motion in and of itself, the Science of Astronomy was not properly constituted. This turning aioay was a Eeflective action ; a seeking for the solution of the difiiculty, not alone in the apparent motions of the things observed, but also in the real motio7i of the observer himself The law of his motion once ascertained, a flood of light was immediately thrown — from a new and totally unexpected source — upon the hitherto inexplicable apparent motions of the planetary and stellar bodies. This result of the application of the Eeflective process caused a total revolution in our method of aspecting the subject ; and the- standpoint (mentally speaking) of every astronomer to-day is the sun, and not the earth, as was the case with the ante-Oopernican observers.

XU INTEODUCTIOJS".

We can readily understand now, from a 'priori considerations, that until this important change occurred in the poles of astronomical observation, no true science of the subject was possible.

In like manner, the Science of the Universe points out that Scien- tists should seek for the explanation of all the varied phenomena of the Universe, not alone in direct observation, but as well in the laws of that which lies back of and observes those phenomena — in other words, in the laws of the Mind itself. It will be perceived that the Mind, as observer, holds a position, relatively to the Universe at large, analogous to that which the earth bears to the Sidereal heavens. Were there no Mind, it is evident there would be no external phenomena perceptible, since the Mind is the subject and agent in the perception and comprehension of those phenomena. Until, then, we explore the Mind itself, and learn the laws of its operation, all our knowledge of what is external to it will be characterized by that incompleteness and confusion which attached to astronomical science previous to the im- portant discovery that the laws of the motion of the observer were the key to the obvious appearances of the astronomical Universe. The Mind is a great spiritual eye, revolving in all directions, the conscious Ego within taking note of external phenomena, as the earth is a great Sidereal eye, from which the observer notes the apparently incongruous motions around him.

In order, then, to the evolution of an exact Science of the Universe, the laws of the observing mind must become known ; and this can only be accomplished, as we have seen, by looking in instead of looMng out — in a word, through the Indirect or Eeflective mode of aspecting the subject, in opposition to the Direct or Observational. This truth is gaining recognition among our most advanced thinkers. Mr. Buckle, the author of the "Introduction to the History of Civilization in England," makes the assertion boldly that as yet we hnoiu nothing, for the reason that we do not comprehend the connection between the mental and material worlds, or between the external phenomena of the Universe and the Mind which observes them.

It is evident that a science claiming to be universal cannot properly ignore any domain, much less such an important department as Mind. Most striking among the first applications of Universology is the dis- covery, by its methods, of the fundamental laws which lie at the basis of all thinking and feeling — all mental operation — and the demonstra- tion of the fact that they have a corresponding expression and action in the external Universe, The Mind, as a Microcosm, or Spiritual Universe, repeats, in an inverse and yet exact way, the Macrocosm or Material Universe ; and hence each becomes a gauge by which to measure the

INTEODUCTION. xiii

other. It is at tliis point that the Science takes on the distinctively Deductive character, as contrasted with the Inductive method hereto- fore in vogue among scientists. The Laws of Mind once radically discovered, we are enabled, by their aid, to correlate and harmonize the multifarious and complex phenomena of all external Being, as, by a knowledge of the laws of the earth's motion, we are capable of account- ing for and systematizing the multifarious phenomena presented by the motions observable in the starry heavens.

The analogy between the discovery of the earth's motion and that of Universology is instructive in yet another particular. The earth's motion was a matter difficult of comprehension by those to whose at- tention the subject was first brought. In fact, it was sharply disputed, and upon quite plausible grounds, reasoning in accordance with all that was previously known on the subject. Any appeal to the ignorant classes, naturally predisposed to doubt, was useless, and the attempt to prove terrestrial revolution from direct observation would have been equally futile. The heavenly bodies apparently revolved daily about the earth ; and it is extremely difficult to establish the conviction that what we see with our own eyes is not absolute and undeniable truth. As the motion of the earth can never be perceived from direct observa- tion, so Universology cannot be apprehended by an appeal to the observation of mere resemblances and differences as they appear con- cretely mibodied. It is only by attaining a perception of Law, in its most abstract and necessary aspect, that we can understand the modes of our own thinking ; and then, by applying them to the external uni- verse, prove the correspondence between the all-inclusive domains of Mind and Matter.

It should be observed that Emanuel Kant makes the same claim which is above expanded and applied to Universology. He, in other words, believed himself to have done substantially for the world of ideas what Copernicus did for the material world in establishing, the change from the geocentric to the heliocentric mode of viewing the solar system. The illustration above was chosen as the simplest and most easily intelligible ; but it is not intended to deny the claim of Kant. In the strictness of correspondence, and, subdivisionally, within the Subjective Domain merely, Kant's revolution in Philosophy was, perhaps, more properly the analogue of the discovery of Copernicus; and the -discoveries of Mr. Andrews are then similarly related to those of Kepler and Newton. They supply, in a word, that Exactification of Law and Unity of System which the mere change of the astronomical standing-point introduced by Copernicus, failed to establish. Charles Fourier also claimed to have repeated the great discovery of JN^ewton in

XiV UNTTEODUCTION.

respect, at least, to human society, in his doctrine of Passional Attrac- tion. The detailed examination and adjustment of such claims are not of importance to the present purpose, and may be safely left to the consideration of those who may make a specialty of the subject. The central peculiarity of Universology is undoubtedly the Exact ification of Laic — the substitution of the true Scientific character for this class of investigations, in the place of the vague speculations of Philosophy. In a certain concrete sense, Swedenborg has more completely reversed the order or direction of observation than any other thinker, — as ex- pounded in this Basic Outline.

The essence of all Law is Relation, and the essence of Relation — in the largest and most comprehensive statement — ^is comprised in Like- ness and Difference, or Unity and Variety. The likeness or difference subsisting between any two or more objects may be observed as a single fact; but, as attention is in such case directed mainly toward the objects, the perception of the Relation, as another order of fact, is not fully attained, because it is limited by, or confi^ied to, the circumstances in which it is found. The idea of pure, abstract Relation — or Relation considered solely with refere^ice to itself and its intri^isic 7iature — is some- thing quite different. This can only be attained by disconnecting the Re- lation from the things related, and considering it separately as a subject of analytical investigation. An illustration of the idea here intended to be conveyed is found in contrasting two branches of the Mathemat- ics— Arithmetic and Algebra. In Arithmetic we deal with Xumber principally, although Relation is necessarily involved to a minor ex- tent ; but as our attention is mainly directed toward numbers, and the quantities represented by them, we do not attend, in our thought, to the Abstract relations existing among them. In Algebra, however, I^umber drops out of sight, and our task is, pre-eminently, with Relation. From a relatively concrete realm, peopled by ideal entities, we pass to an abstract one, where the subject of consideration is, not the entities themselves, but that which intervenes between them — the Betiveenity of the things. This Betweenity, or Relation, is actually brought into such prominence in Algebra, and such consideration is bestowed upon it, that its characteristics are explored, analyzed, and named— and named in very simple yet expressive terms. Here for the first time in the history of Science the Law of Relations is formulized in any defi- nite and exact way. In the + , -, and = of Algebra we have the repre- sentatives of that Aspect of Universal Law applicable to the subject of this particular Science ; and as we see that they suffice for all opera- tions in this special department, we may infer, so soon as Universal Analogy is rendered probable, that this is but a single example of a

INTEODUCTIOIf. XV

Universal Law, destined to be wrought out and formulized in all other domains. Such a Law does exist, and is discovered. The most ab- stract and inclusive statement of that law which can be made, echo- ing in exactitude to the plus, minus, and equation of Algebra, is found in the fundamental terminology of Universology — Unism, Duism, and Trinism.

The accumulated knowledges of the world, in Science, Philosophy, Eeligion and Art, will be the material upon which the incipient labors of Universologists will be expended ; but even all this wealth. Induct- ively and Observationally obtained, will be but as a drop in that Ocean of Deductive and demonstrative knowledge which will become the possession of the human race upon the inauguration and prosecution of the legitimate methods of Universology. What has been already elaborated by the new method will furnish but a first step in an in- finite progress of pure Deduction in all spheres and domains of human concern.

Universology, unlike all the Sciences extant, except Logic and the Mathematics, does not depend for its establishment upon grounds of probability. The tentative efforts of Science in all other departments, so far as they have aimed at establishing incontrovertible foundations, have as yet produced nothing more than a high grade of probability. This arises from the fact that conclusions based upon partial and frag- mentary observations — and all must be fragmentary and partial which do not embrace the entire Universe — must themselves be vitiated by incompleteness or non-inclusiveness ; that is to say, any conclusion dependent upon observations of fleeting and changeful phenomena must ever be insufficient and unsatisfactory ; because we are unable to say that the further observations of to-morrow will not modify, enlarge, or subvert the conclusions of to-day. It is only when we deal with inherent and necessary Law, that we are able to arrive at conclusions which shall have the force of demonstrable and irrefragable deduction, the very " thus saith the Lord " of absolute and exact science.

A most important consequence flows from this radical difference be- tween Universology and all fragmentary sciences. The student of Universology becomes thoroughly convinced of the absolute truth of the Science as soon as the fundamental statements of its formulae can be made intelligible to his mind. He is, as it were, made instantly aware of the truth — and the whole truth, in a certain sense — in respect to the subject, instead of being compelled to wander for years through the mazes of a science whose dicta must necessarily change with every new discovery of a fact.

I Perhaps one of the happiest illustrations as showing the radical dif-

XVI INTEODUCTION".

ference between TJniversology and the Partial Sciences will be found in the contrast between the special senses of Touch and Sight, including the modes and spheres of their operation. The knowledges now ac- cumulated in the world have been obtained by a mental process resembling that in which a blind man procures his information of the world. He must come in contact with every object of investiga- tion, and, after carefully feeling it, examining its shape, quality, size, etc., he notes these characteristics, and proceeds, with patient and plodding step, to the consideration and examination of the next object. Accumulation of facts, and description and classification of natural objects and processes, constitute in the main the knowledge alike of the blind man and of the scientific world up to the present hour. The scientist is a veritable Gradgrind, and is not disposed to listen to theo- ries or speculation unless based upon precedent or consequent facts. The poiuer of comparison between objects and processes, in its clear, full, and normal operation, is reserved, however, for another faculty ; namely, the organ of Sight (mental as well as physical). To the eye of the blind man suddenly gifted with vision, the most prominent and striking fact would not be the objects in creation — with which he has become partially acquainted by laborious and patient investigation through the limited sense of Touch — but the grand, wonderful, and illimitable expanse of light in which all things " live, move, and have their being." He is gifted, for the first time, with the perception of a new medium of Relation between tilings ; it becomes a fact of direct vision with him that all the objects with which he had come in contact have a common matrix of light; and so, by the acquisition of the faculty of Sight, he is put in possession of a means of obtaining knowl- edge quite different in scope and nature from what was his while able only to feel. Those mental faculties corresponding to the special sense of Touch act in a manner correspondingly slow, toiling through end- less turnings and windings towards the acquisition of a full rational conception ; whereas, with the awakening of the mental power of Vision comes the instantaneous rectilinear perception and conviction of the exact aspect of Truth, addressed directly to that faculty of the Mind in such a manner that no further questioning or examination is necessary.

Again, the domain of Fniversology holds a position relative to the domains of the Partial Sciences, analogous to that which the domain of Sight holds in its relation to those of the other special senses. It is not to be compared with the others as one of a similar series, or as occupying a grade a little higher or covering an expanse a little greater than that of any other science. It is a domain which is all-inclusive,

INTRODUCTIOlSr. XVll

all-embracing, and all-pervading, as the sunlight — the domain of Sight — includes, embraces, and pervades all objects of special sense in the material world.

The basis of ITniversology is not in the accumulation and digestion of phenomena or facts in themselves, but is to be found in the Law of Comparison between them. It will be readily inferred, then, that for the establishment and demonstration of the Science, only the smallest possible modicum of fact is necessary ; as the exhaustive analysis of the relations between any two objects, tivo facts, or two phenomena will be the statement of the whole Science in its fundamental, abstract, and first-applied aspect. As, in Algebra, x might represent a known or an unhnown quantity, and the whole solution take place with equal exact- itude and precision ; so, under the application of Universological law, all questions are resolvable with equal facility whether they relate to the more obvious and external domains of Matter, or to the abstract and less appreciable realms of pure Philosophy and Metaphysics.

The Mind is the great Spiritual Sun. The Laws of the Mind are the universal Sunlight which illumines all things, and makes them clear. Analogical with the material Sun, the radiations from this Spiritual Centre are cast upon all things in the Universe, bathing them in a glory, a beauty, a claritude so much greater than those of the external Sun as the Spiritual is higher in rank than the Material. Nothing can be truly known except as the light of this ineffably brilliant orb is shed upon it ; and all things hnowaUe in the Universe partake of the nature of the Mind which knows, in like manner, as all things visible in the material Universe are penetrated and permeated with the prin- ciple of external light. It is in these subjective Laws of the Mind, then, that we are to seek the ultimate explanation of all phenomena external to it, as in the reflex fact of the earth's motion was found the solution of the complex astronomical phenomena which before per- plexed and deceived us.

A thousand illustrations of the application of Universological Law might be made, and will be made under the proper circumstances. This is not the occasion for an exhaustive analysis of the subject. The effort has been rather to indicate what the Science is — to talk about it — than to teach its principles in any exact manner. That labor is remit- ted to the text-books and lecture-rooms of the University. The Laws of the Universe in detail of manifestation are too numerous to be caught and imprisoned in any single formula of expression, whether of Language or of Art. Absolutely simple in their origin, yet infilling all forms of Being, outworking through all modes and structures, pro- nouncing themselves in all Existence, from the minutest atom to the 2

XVIU IJS^TEODUCTIO]^.

grandest world, they demand an Infinity of Space and an Eternity of Time for their full and sufficient display. True, owing to the primi- tive simpKcity, we find in each and every form, mode, and molecule in the Universe the same, identical, regulating Principle, and all we need is the mental tadus eruditus to be able to detect its presence and sim- ple grandeur amid the myriad variant forms through which it speaks ; yet the vastness of their variety, in evolution, precludes the possibihty of any adequate simple treatment of the subject.

It is proper to notice here one of the more immediate and important results of the application of the Science ; namely, the discovery of a Scientifically constructed Universal Language. The necessity for such a language, as one of the exigencies of the Science, is patent, as, with- out a Universal Language, Universal Science would be destitute of its proper or adequate Terminology. I can do no better at present, to illustrate this very interesting branch of the subject, than to quote a single passage from an unpublished work introductory to the New Universal Language. I conform, in the extract given below, to the typographical dress which is one of the peculiarities of the style in which Mr. Andrews chooses to convey his ideas ; and I refer the reader, for the justification of his method, for his purposes, to the Commen- tary beginning upon the second page of the body of this work (Text 3), where the subject is fully discussed.

" The Lingual Alphabet contains the Vowels and Diphthongs, Con- sonants and Ambigu's which enter into the construction of the Uni- versal Language, together with the Meaning with which each Sound of the Human Voice is discovered, by the most fundamental Analysis,

TO BE Il^TRIiq^SICALLY A.^D IN^HEREJiTTLY LOADED BY NATURE HER- SELF. These feio Meanin'GS of the Alphabetic Sounds of the Voice are discovered to be the Primary Elements of All Possible Thought, and, at the same time, to correspond luith or exactly to repeat the Primary Elements op All Possible Being and All Possi- ble Movement in Nature herself ; so that this mere handful of Meanings constitutes, in turn, 1. the Ideological Alphabet, or Alphabet of Ideas; and, 2. (by correspondence) the Ontological AND Logical Alphabets (or the Alphabets of Realities and Laws) in the Universe at large. In other words, the Alphabet of the New Lan- guage is, in a sense, the Alphabet of Universology, and, in fine, the Alphabet of the Elementary Constituents of the Universe itself.

" It results from these Discoveries that, by the Combinations of these few Letters (or Sounds) into Words — the Process of Word-building — the precisehj correspondiny combinations of the Primitive Elements of Tliought into Simple and Compound Thoughts are represented; and

INTRODUCTION. XIX

also the Corresponding ComUnations of the Privfiary Realities mid Principles or Laws of Being, into Concrete Objects and Movements, and Systems of Objects and Movements, in the External World. The Words so compounded of Elementary Sounds are then, by a necessary consequence, loaded with the precise amount of Meaning contained in the Thoughts compounded of the particular Elements of Thought represented by the Sounds — the corresponding Elements of Speech, These compound Words and Thoughts correspond, again, in turn, with Things and Operatiojn'S and Systems in Nature, compounded in hke manner of Primary Realities or Elements of Reality (Proto-Pragmata) and of First Principles and Laws,— the Elements of Being. The System of Normal Human Speech, the System of Thoughts in the Mind, and the System of Things and Operations in the World at large, are found to be 7iaturally evolved from the same starting-points, in divergent radii of development ; furnishing a panorama of the Universe seen in the structure of Language.

" The understanding of the Law of this Development pertains to the newly discovered and immense Science of Universology."

These abstruse statements of the incipient aspects of the subject must doubtless seem somewhat vague and inconclusive to the appre- hension of the reader; and no proper appreciation of the tremen- dous consequences flowing from such a discovery will, at once, arise in the mind. But consider what must be its results! We have placed in our hands, for the first time, the Law in all domams and spheres of the mental and material Universe. And what does this involve ? Instead of groping our way in darkness in the investigation of the phenomena of the Universe, we have a true and sure guide to point the way and lead to the realization of our highest aspirations. In the Scientific World, all investigation, instead of being carried on sporadically and in an isolated manner as hitherto will be conducted upon a certain, well-defined, and unitary plan, in accordance with which the»whole Scientific World will act with one purpose, having a common chart by which to be guided and governed. In the industrial activities of the Race, the same unity and concord of action will be achieved, whereby the whole Earth will be beautified and rendered habit- able by the labor of a Collective Humanity directed by a knowledge of Universal Laws ; men not, as now, conflicting with and neutral- izing each other's efforts by the chaotic multiplicity of the antagonistic plans and objects which they pursue. In the Social World, a common law of Societary relations will bring into harmony the contending interests of communities and nations, who will render obedience to it with the same promptness and alacrity with which they now observe

XX INTEODUCTIOI^.

laws discovered and applied in minor spheres, as, for instance, loco- motion and the transmission of intelligence. The great international questions which agitate the world will be discussed in the light of uni- versal principles, and will be decided by the fiat of an exact science, from which there will be no desire to appeal. In the Eeligious Sphere, the solution of those knotty problems which have heretofore vexed the souls of men will be rendered clear as the sun at noon-day ; and all contention, strife, and misunderstanding on theological, moral, and ethical questions will be forever dissipated by a scientific knowledge of the Law, and, so to speak, of the Aim and Plan of the Creation, super- added to all that the religious and prophetic intuition, inspired or un- inspired, has revealed in the past.

And this is not all. The Great Science will not only furnish the underlying rule of conduct in all these separate domains ; it will also supply the Law of their inter-relations ; — so that order and regularity will be introduced not only into each special domain hy itself; but a great compound, universal harmony will be evolved by the combina- tion and co-operation of them all in one grand whole. In a word, the same law will be universal in its application ; and what will be true of the parts will be true of the whole. Thus the student in any par- ticular department will be obtaining a knowledge, not merely of his specialty, but of the law of all specialties, and also of their combination in one compound aggregate. The physical, mental, moral, and spirit- ual relations of men will be placed upon a clear, well-defined, eternal foundation of truth and justice; and all that is noble, refined, and beautiful in the innate constitution of man will have free scope to develop under the influences, tendencies, and aspirations which God has implanted in his being. To include all in one word, we shall hnoio in an absolute sense what is right and true and good, instead of supposing and opining, as now. M. A. Clai^ cy.

11.

Taper by Mr. JFreeland—iMay, 7866).

Having been requested to furnish for publication a statement of the character, and of my estimate of the value of the New Scientific La- bors whose First or Fundamental Principles are herein exhibited by the Discoverer, I offer, as most appropriate for the purpose in view, the following brief and cursory notice issued by myself in the form of a Circular Letter in May, 1862, as the original public announcement of this most important Discovery.

INTRODUCTION. XXi

New York, 2day 1st, 1S6.3. A new Scientific Discovery, of immense scope and imjDortance, has recently been completed in N^ew York City.

The Science is of such magnitude and character that the discoverer feels justified in bestowing upon it the name of UifiVEESOLOGY, or the Science of the Universe. It is the Science of the Universe, as a whole, and of the correlation of its parts and principles, in the same precise sense as that in which Geometry is the Science of the admeasurement of extension and form, or Astronomy of the relations of the heavenly bodies. It is the discovery and complete elucidation of those back- lying and universal Principles, in the nature of things, which are everywhere suspected, as it were, to exist, but which have never been heretofore Scientifically discovered and proven ; Principles which have given rise to dreamy, misty theories of Universal Analogy, precisely because, on the one hand, they are essentially true and universal, and are therefore constantly recurring to all observers ; and because, on the other hand, they remained still undiscovered, or latent, so to speak, relatively to the human mind. These Principles are brought out, by this Discovery, into their plenitude and exactness, in the strictest sense of these terms.

In other words, the discovery is that of a Science, or rather the Science of Universal Analogy; not in that vague way in which such an idea has been dogmatized, out of the intuition, by Oken, Fourier, Swedenborg, for example; but as a veritable Scientific Discovery of a new exact Science, and the greatest immeasurably of all the Sciences. It is the Science of Universal Principles, and distributes, not only all the Sciences, and consequently all the Departments of Being among themselves, but enters directly into the body of each special Science, and distributes all the particulars within every Domain.

It is, therefore, in one sense, the one and only Science, of which all other Sciences, whether physical or mental, are only twigs or branches ; but, in another sense, it is only the central Science, from which all the special Sciences are, in the nature of things, derived, and to which they must of necessity relate and adjust themselves, in order to their own perfection. In still another sense, or in addition to all this, it is the introduction of a new Scientific Method and Epoch ; the furnishing of a genuine and legitimate method of Deduction, as a guide for all future scientific investigations, in all Departments whatsoever ; not, however, to the disparagement or exclusion of observation and the con- tinued induction of minor laws.

Auguste Comte has thought it necessary to guard himself from the imputation of so visionary a belief as that of the possible discovery of

XXll INTEODUCTION.

a Unitary Law in Science, to which all the phenomena of the Universe can be ultimately referred. He nevertheless says : " The ultimate per- fection of the Positive [or Exact Scientific] System would be (if such perfection could be hoped for) to represent all phenomena as particular aspects of a single general fact; — such as Gravitation, for instance." The value of the tendency towards Unity is also expressed in the following sentence : " However impossible may be the aim to reduce the phenomena of the respective Sciences to a single law, supreme in each, this should be the aim of philosophers, as it is only the imperfec- tion of our knowledge ivliich prevents its accomplishment. The perfec- tion of a Science is in exact proptortion to its approach to this con- summation."

Agassiz, in his notice of Oken's System of the Classification of the Animal Kingdom, judiciously observes (quoting from memory), "we do not yet sufficiently understand the Law of Analogy to make it the basis of our distributions." There is here an implication that such a Law exists and is awaiting discovery. The idea is confirmed by the follo^ving remark, taken from the article of the same distinguished Scientist in the late February number of the Atlantic Monthly : "The time has come when Scientific truth must cease to be the property of the few, when it must be woven into the common life of the world ; for we have reached the point where the results of Science touch the very problem of existence, and all men listen for the solving of that mys- tery. When it will come, and how, none can say ; but this much, at least, is certain, that all our researches are leading up to that question, and mankind will never rest till it is answered."

Prof. Peirce, of Cambridge, in his Suggestions of Analogy in refer- ence to the arrangement of the leaves of a plant on its axis, of the spines of a shell, and of the planets around the sun, seems to be feeling out in the direction of the discovery of such a Unitary Law.

Precisely this Law, which Auguste Comte deems it visionary to believe in the possibility of discovering, which Prof. Agassiz seems confidently to expect will be discovered at no distant day, and the existence of which is strikingly confirmed by the observations of Prof. Peirce, is now matter of actual discovery, as capable of demonstration as any problem of Geometry. It will supply to the Naturahst, com- pletely and with perfect certainty and beauty, those Laws of Classifica- tion towards the attainment of which modern scientific labors have been directed ; while it will clearly, unerringly, and satisfactorily solve that "mystery," "for the solving" of which "all men listen." It will demonstrate to the Mathematician the identity of the Laws which per- vade his own sphere with those which pervade every other department

INTEODUCTIOIS". XXIU

of the Universe, and exhibit to him the nature of that Law in accord- ance with which all the phenomena of the Universe are distributed.

The Science of Univeksology is based, then, upon the discovery of the Law of Analogy, which, while it unifies all knowledge, also points out and demonstrates the particular place of each fact in the broad Generahzation, and the relation it bears to all other facts, considered either separately or as a whole. More exactly, while the Science commences in the broadest and most inclusive observational Generalizations, it proceeds from these downwards to the most com- plete and fundamental analysis. By this analysis, it discovers and establishes the equally broad and universal abstract Generalizations which furnish the Unitary Law and its primitive branches. From this analysis it again proceeds upwards to the scientific synthesis of the Universe, supplying the most complete and detailed classification of the particulars, in each Department of Being, carrying Scientific pre- cision into the minutest details of all the Sciences, and is capable of giving the rationale even of the shape of shells on the sea-shore and of the colors of the autumn forest.

It is, therefore, the Science of the Laws of Order and Harmony as they exist in the Universe at large, in consonance with which all human affairs must be conducted in order to secure true and practical concord and the most perfect results. Commencing in the Mathe- matics, and ascending gradually through the whole range of the Sci- ences to the topmost ones — Sociology and Theology — it shows the Principles at the base of each of these seemingly different Sciences to be the same, and demonstrates, with the clearness and exactitude of Geometry, the identity of all the Laws pervading each of them. Ui^i- VERSOLOGY is therefore the complete Scientific demonstration of that Universal Unity of Plan in the Universe which Fourier vaguely theo- rized and confusedly attempted to explain. The multitude of the Sci- ences are to it what the distinct parts of the body — ^head, arms, legs, fingers, toes, etc. — are to the body as a Unit or Whole. It is a Science linking together, and including within itself, all the Sciences now known, and numerous others which will be unfolded by it. It may be viewed, therefore, both as a grand, all-inclusive Science, and as a new and comprehensive Scientific Method.

Still another aspect may be presented of the subject. Agassiz, in the article already quoted from, says : " Yet believing, as I do, that classi- fication, rightly understood, means simply the creative plan of God as expressed in organic forms," etc. ; and again : " If, then, the results of Science are of such general interest for the human race ; if they are gradually interpreting the purposes of the Deity in creation and the

XXIV INTEODUCTIOIf.

relation of man to all the past, — then it is well that all should share in its teachings/' etc.

Looking at Universology from the same point of view in which this celebrated Naturalist here regards Classilication, we may announce it as the complete discovery and ijerfect interpretation of " the purposes of the Deity in creation" and the entire unfolding of "the creative plan of God/' not only as expressed in " organic forms," but as involved in every Sphere of Thought and Being in the Universe of Matter and of Mind. To state this in another way : Certain Fundamental Laws are found to exist m accordance with which the Phenomena of every De- partment of the Universe are evolved. In the Domain of Mathematics, they take the form which the nature of that Science demands ; in that of Astronomy, they are wrought out in conformity with the conditions imposed upon them by the nature of the material in which they are expressed; somewhat in the same manner as the same architectural plan is modified, according as it appears in wood, in brick, in iron, or in stone. In Chemistry, in the Mineral, the Vegetable, the Animal King- doms, in the Science of Mind, and elsewhere, Universally, these same Fundamental Laws re-appear like an echo, modified, in their manifestation merely, by the nature of each individual case, but con- stituting, when revealed by the discovery of their identity, the basis of the new Science of Uj^'iversology.

Such a discovery, involving, as it must, events the most important, calls more loudly upon the attention of the Scientific Man, the Thinker, and the Practical Man, interested in the Progress of the Human Eace, than any other. Through the portals of this Science we are about entering upon the most tremendous revolution in Science, in Govern- ment, in Theology, in Political Economy, in Art, in Practical Life, which the world has ever witnessed. Such a movement will require the co-operative labors of all Scientific men in the future, to trace out in their several Departments the particular operations of Laws which, in their generality, will be, from an early day, the common intellectual wealth of all intelligent minds ; and the aggregate labors of practical men, in all spheres, to apply these Laws, thus developed, to the various constructions and activities of every-day life.

In Prof. WhewelFs "History of the Inductive Sciences," in dis- cussing the philosophical speculations of Pythagoras concerning num- bers (Vol. I. p. 78, Am. Ed.), occurs the following statement, which gives a glimpse, almost the only one found anywhere in the books, of the actual method of investigation which has led to the accomplish- ment of this great discovery : " It has been observed by a distinguished modern scholar (Thirlwall's Hist. Gr. II. 142) that the place which

INTEODUCTION. XXV

Pythagoras ascribed to liis numbers is intelligible only by supposing that he confounded, first, a Numerical Unit with a Geometrical Point, and, then, this with a Material Atom." . . .

" The Pythagorean love of Numerical Speculations might have leen combined with the doctrine of Atoms, and the combination might have led to results well worth notice. But, so far as we are aware, no such combination was attempted in the ancient schools of Philosophy, and perhaps we, of the present day, are only just beginning to perceive, through the disclosures of Chemistry and Crystallography, the impor- tance of such a line of inquiry."

The discoverer of Univeksology is Mr. S. P. Andrews, a Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, the American Eth- nological Society, etc.; Author of Discoveries in Chinese, etc. A somewhat inaccurate list of his works, heretofore published, will be found in AUibone's Dictionary of Authors, and in Triibner's Biblio- graphical Guide to American Literature.

Somewhat more than two (now six) years ago my attention was called to the fact that such a discovery was being made, and I was invited to a critical examination of its Principles. A thorough in- vestigation of the subject fully confirmed in my mind the claims of the discoverer. During the two (now six) years past I have been engaged in, and wholly devoted to, collaboration in the development of the Science, with Mr. Andrews and a small number of investiga- tors, whom his discovery has gathered about him, as assistants, and who constitute already the nucleus of a working University in the establishment of the Science and its application to the various Branches of the Scientific Domain. I have now taken upon myself the labor of preparing this incipient statement of the subject, for the purpose of bringing it before the attention of leading minds in the Scientific, Religious, and Practical Spheres.

Cuvier, in speaking of the Progress of the Sciences, makes use (translating freely) of the following expressions : " We have seen them [the Sciences] if not positively acting as the creators of human society, at least being developed along with it, and conferring upon it succes- sively all its increased enjoyments, sometimes even revolutionizing completely their elements or the methods of their realization ; so that, from what the Sciences have done hitherto, it is not difficult to foretell, in some measure, what they must be destined to accomplish in the future."

There is, then, sufficient basis for a general interest, on the part of all persons, in the early announcement and popular introduction of any great Scientific Discovery. The present Circular Letter is designed, how-

XXVI INTEODUCTION.

ever, for such persons only as are supposed, from their public reputa- tion or from personal knowledge of them, to have a more than usual interest in all that concerns the progress and well-being of the Kace, intellectually, materially, or morally.

Should any persons, to whom this Circular Letter may come, find the statements contained in it interesting to such a degree that further information is desired on the subject, such individuals are requested to communicate with me to that effect, and I will, from time to time, keep them advised of the progress of its development and publication ; and will, so far as practicable, afford them facilities for ascertaining how, and in what degree, the discovery may subserve their intellectual or practical wants, and how they, in turn, may aid in its rapid diffusion and enlarged usefulness in the world. (1)

Edwabd B. Feeelai^d.

IIL ^aper by Mr» Jloyte,

In order to estimate and rightly to describe the new Science of Uni- versology, an amount and variety of information would be required (in addition to a comprehensive knowledge of the Science itself, as such), of which few, indeed, even among the learned, are possessed. To ren- der but scant justice to a theme so vast, with all the advantages which a famiharity with extant knowledges and a ready facility of expression could afford, it would be necessary to devote years instead of hours, and volumes rather than pages, to its elucidation.

With this prefatory disclaimer of any attempt to exemplify, except proximately and most imperfectly, the scope and excellence of the Science, it will be the purpose of this paper briefly to advert to some of its more salient points and prevailing characteristics ; and, by a pre- sentation of the results which must supervene on its application in certain departments of human activity, to induce earnest inquiry con- cerning a discovery so long vaguely anticipated, and so immensely im- portant in its bearing on the destiny of the Race.

Based on Principles evolved from an analysis, more subtle and thorough than any heretofore instituted, into the constituent Elements of Thought and of Things, as they interpenetrate all Domains of Being whatsoever ; establishing a relation between spheres of investiga- tion hitherto deemed radically distinct, and introducing a Unified S^^s-

(1) This arrangement is not now applicable, and all Communications of the kind should be addressed to me personally, until further notice. — S. P. A. (1808).

INTEODUCTIOI!?^. XXVU

tern of Knowledge, — this Science sweeps from realm to realm of the material and spiritual Universe, unlocking the secrets and classifying the phenomena of each, with a certainty and exactness limited only by the capacity of the philosophic explorer to apply its principles and interpret its indications.

In the Department of Language these principles furnish the neces- sary data for the elaboration of an entirely new form of speech based on the inherent meaning of Sounds, This language will be concise, regular, and euphonious. It will possess a capacity for expression infinitely minute, and as infinitely yaried as the impressions, whether mental or objective, which the human mind is capable of receiving. Its acquisition includes and — from the Scientific Analogy which links each domain of Being with the rest — even necessitates tlie simultaneous and easy acquisition of the Laws, Classification, and Details of all other spheres. Whilst in a sense complete in itself, it will be eminently adaptive to existent methods of Speech, and thus capable of acting mediatorially during the process of its general diffusion in the world, by the gradual fusion of all existing languages into each other. Its excellences are so apparent on examination, that it must eventually be adopted as the vehicle of, at least, all technical and scientific inter- course, if indeed it be not finally received as the Grand Universal Ver- nacular of the World.

Tracing the application of this Basic Science in another Domain, we find it disclosing a system of Ordinal Mathematics as magnificent as its Cardinal Counterpart, but hitherto unthought of. It promises to remodel and vastly to simplify both the System of Numeration and of Calculation. It maugurates a new and immensely exact and extensive Science of Morphology. In its Language, just adverted to, it provides a Technical and inter-related Vocabulary for all known, and many as yet popularly unrecognized, departments of human research. In the political sphere it demonstrates what are the Principles of a True Form of Government, under whose -^gis the liberties of the people will be perfectly conserved, while they will gladly render unbounded allegiance to their Chief or Chiefs. Within the domains of Social Economy, Ethics, and Theology, it will educe an Integral System of Order, Morality, and Eeligious Doctrine which in the Past has been instinct- ively felt after, but which, prior to the discovery of the Grand Ele- mentary Principles of Universology, could never be attained, — a System as conservative of the underlying Spirit of all the Sanctities of the Past, as it is startling and far-reaching in new Scientific Eevelations allied to the Present and the Future. It is, in short, potent in all realms. The Priest, the Scientist, the Statesman, and the Idealist of

XXVIU INTEODUCTIOl^.

the Future, must all be cognizant of its axioms ; for, with the same readiness, it interprets Prophecy and unveils the mysteries of Nature, of Government, and of Art.

First discovering and then demonstrating the Paradoxical Nature or Essential Oppositeness of basic Truth in its origins, Universology ac- cepts as equally true, in an absolute sense, Principles of divergent tendency ; inclusive, in the ultimate of this acceptance, of statements whose relations are directly antithetical or polar. In other words, it admits and proves the Eightness of fundamental Positivisms, or affirm- ative statements, even where they are diametrically opposed. It is the province of the New Philosophy of Integralism scientifically to adjust the relationship of these fractional truths ; and, from components dif- fering, in all degrees from mere divergence of drift to perfect antithesis, to elaborate the Grand Composite Truth, which, while it both includes and rests upon all the others, alone possesses the attribute of Whole- ness, (or Holiness), which results from the perfect symmetrical adjust- ment and inter-dependence of the parts in their relations to all the rest. As there must be two antipodal points in the shortest straight line ; as it requires two opposed radii to form a diameter, or two differing hemispheres in the formation of a globe, and so ad infinitum, — so it is found that a simple truth or principle requires to be counterparted by its opposite for the evolvement of a Higher Truth and a more compre- hensive Unity. This discovery alone is of immense value ; and, con- joined with a thousand others of similar importance resulting from IJniversological Bases, marks an epoch in the development of the intel- lectual and spiritual faculties of the race, which will remain as a crisis- event or notable way-mark in the path of Progress throughout all time.

With the Evolution of this Science is inaugurated, if I mistake not, a new era m the history of the world, and one transcending, in the importance of its results, any by which it has been preceded. It pos- sesses potency sufficient, under enlightened direction, peacefully and beneficently to revolutionize the world in all its domains, whether Ideal, Physical, Social, Moral, Political, or Religious ; and the results of its application, in the solution of Problems within these departments of Being, will exceed those heretofore attained by blind efibrt merely, in proportion to the power of achievement which methods of Scientific Exactitude possess over the incertitude and failure of perpetual guess- ing and believing. It is, in fine, the Sublime Expounder of the »IJni- verse of God ; and the means of the eventual introduction of the Race to a Paradisaic Existence whose pleasures will transcend the highest imaginings of so-called Utopian dreamers.

David Hoylb.

INTEODUCTION. X^i^

IV.

^aper by M}\ JVertns.

The Infinite Spirit that made all things has left it to the same Spirit incarnated in Man to solve all intricacies of Life and Destiny, with such Revelations from time to time as are adapted to his mental and spiritual conditions in aid of his own inherent intellectual powers. The final Atonement (at-one-ment) or Reconciliation of God and Man must therefore be by means of the thorough accordance of Reve- lation and Reason ; the one addressed principally to those automatic or unconscious powers of the Mind, which, like the involuntary forces of the Body, predominate in the infancy of the Race ; the other, the product of the determined use of the Consciousness and Will, externally observant or else "self-searching with an introverted eye," discovering their own capacities, and re-directing them upon the outward Creation, — or Nature, which will ultimately be plastic to the thought and work of a completed Humanity.

The great and good minds of all Time have accepted, with more or less clearness of perception, this Problem of the ages, aptly symbolized in the Fable of the Sphynx, and have devoted their lives to aid in its solution. To their noble endeavors we owe what most illustrates the History of the Past, that vast accumulation of Philosophic Speculation, Scientific Knowledge, and Practical Example, which, especially since the invention of the printing-press, has become a permanent and inde- structible Treasury of Thought. Nothing now but the destruction of the planet by some convulsion of Nature can seemingly prevent this ultimate consummation.

In this nineteenth century wonderful events of essential significance to the philosophic observer are realizing the prophetic hopes of the Past, as if the dream of the ages were about to be fulfilled, and Astraea to return to the home from which she was driven by the vices, folly, and strife of men.

But hitherto this improvement has been almost wholly fortuitous, without organization or method, with only so much of definite pur- pose as proceeds from individual inspiration or sectarian interests.

The two great potencies of Progress — Science and the Church — have been at war with each other, the one devoting itself wholly to the material, and the other almost entirely to the supposed spiritual inter- ests of Man ; neither suspecting, apparently, that these are identical, even as Body and Spirit are one, and that they cannot be divided with impunity to either.

XXX IKTEODUCTIOK.

It must appear to all who think, that the time has arrived when this opposition should cease ; and that these two Eepresentative Powers of the Eace, in the exercise of their two highest attributes, Charity and Largeness of Thought, should combine for the furtherance of the great object — the well-being of Humanity — which both claim to have in view.

But only by means of a Science which demonstrates the Truths of Eeligion, and of a Eeligion which accepts the demonstrations of Sci- ence, can the whole thought and purpose of all earnest and sincere men be concentrated into such a focal determination as will install a new and progressive era. Universology, or the Science of the Oorre- spondential or Analogical Eolations of Mind and Matter, claims, and, as it seems to the writer of this, with justice, to accomplish this latest, greatest work of human thought. This then is that Universal Science or Prima FMlosopJiia, the discovery of which is the turning-point in the History of Destiny, as predicted and foreshadowed by Poetry and Prophecy — that Science which the boldest reasoners of the Past have seen to be a necessity of the Future ; of which the greatest minds of the Greeks felt and saw the possibility ; the idea of which inspired the two Bacons; a glimmer of whose distant lustre illumined the great perceptive powers of Newton, and the dawn of which the best Scien- tific Thinkers of the present age have perceived.

Man lives in two Worlds, — a world of outward perception, and an- other of inward apprehension ; and these two reflect each other, as in a drop of rain, falling through the atmosphere, is mirrored all sur- rounding space. It is this mystic relation between the Soul of Man and visible Nature which has furnished the symbolism of all Mythol- ogies, and the materials of Poetry, — Man worshipping his Ideal Self in the images reflected upon the retina. " The eye sees what the eye brings means of seeing," says Carlyle. Not in nature, but in the thought of Man, is all the Beauty ; and Matter is but a lifeless mass except as it illustrates the passions, powers, and purposes of the Human Spirit. Wordsworth has, in the following lines, expressed with great beauty this doubleness of meaning in Nature :

Yes, it was the Mountain Echo,

Solitary, clear, profound, Answering to the shouting Cuckoo,

Giving to her sound for sound 1

Unsolicited reply- To a babbling wanderer sent ;

Like her ordinary cry.

Like — but oh, how different I

INTRODUCTION. XXXi

Hears not also mortal Life ?

Hear not we, unthinking creatures ; Slaves of Folly, Love, or Strife,

Voices of two different Natures?

Have not we two ? yes, we have

Answers and we know not whence ; Echoes from beyond the grave.

Recognized intelligence !

Often as thy inward ear

Catches such rebounds, beware,^ Listen, ponder, hold them dear ;

For of God,— of God they are! (1)

This thought, so familiar to Poetry, has always been jealously looked upon by Science, though every profane thinker, whether Philosopher, Poet, or Scientific Theorist, has felt that by means of this mysterious Analogy, this promoter of Association and wakener of Memory, all his greatest thoughts were obtained ; that in this region of mental percep- tion lies that reconciliation of the Real and the Ideal, which to the man of genius or keen sensibilities is the only refuge from the painful necessities of transient existence. "Mnemosyne," says the ancient Fable, " is the Mother of the Muses, but Jupiter is the Father."

To the determined patience, careful research, and indomitable per- severance of the author of this volume we owe it that this dream of the Poet is turned into a positive and scientific reality, as Puck's boasted girdle of the Earth has been substantiated in the Magnetic Telegraph, and as the Afrite of the Arabian Tales has been outdone by the modem Locomotive. The wildest fancies may now furnish the careful scien- tific thinker the basis of undoubted deduction ; and intuition and in- tellection, imagination and reason, suggestion and ratiocination. Reli- gion and Science, like the different parts in Music, join together in producing on Earth the Harmony of the Spheres.

The Human Soul in all ages has aspired to a Heaven which, in view of the intolerable discrepancies of life upon this Planet, has been refer- red to a Future Existence. But it has never been denied that all the materials of a Heaven exist upon this Earth, and such a Heaven is positively promised in Revelation. That the realization of this promise is to be brought about by the exertion of man's rational faculties, can hardly, it seems to me, be doubted ; the whole aim of Inspiration hav-

(1) Poems of the Imagination, p. 83.

XXXU INTRODUCTIOIS'.

ing been symbolically to suggest, rather than scientifically to teach. A Universal Philosophy, and its absolute application in a Positive Science, whose demonstrations shall be beyond the reach of question, must be the preliminary theoretical step. The tools must first be furnished ■with which the work is to be done. Such is TJniversology, the Science of the Whole Universe, or the Positive and Eational Eevelation of the Organic Laws of Thought and Being by means of their Correspond- ence, or of the Grand Pervading Analogies between them.

To minds of a certain class — familiar with, and up to the thought of the age — accustomed to large generalizations, and to what is called in Law, " Circumstantial Evidence," or what may be indicated under the name of Dramatic Probability, called by Edgar A. Poe " Consistency," that accordance with Truth which no Art can imitate, — the general scope and tenor of this Book will be its own justification and proof; and I predict, they will find in it, as I have done, the means of explain- ing the heretofore inexplicable, and of reducing mental chaos to orderly arrangement, and also a method of concentrating their faculties in any desired direction, which they have never before possessed. It is the first attempt, within my reading, at a Mathematics of Metaphysics, and at the reduction of the great Mystery of the Trinity, the Attribute of the Godhead, and the Law by which His Personality is expressed in Nature, to (as far as that is possible as mere Science) a simple Arith- metical Problem. To those who will accept nothing but as it is logic- ally proven, this Book offers a chain of the most cautious reasonings, and, after establishing a new and infallible method of deduction, piles proof upon proof, and adduces analogy upon analogy, all governed by the great Law of Trigrade Evolution, which is the foundation of the Science, and which is so accordant with the processes of reason and the suggestions of intuition, that the closest of such thinkers, however often he may demur to the statements of the author, will find that he does so, if he carefully examine his train of thought, by the same method of ratiocination supplied by the Science itself; the difference of conclusion arising mostly from a natural chariness to admit proposi- tions so subversive of preconceived opinions.

The Plan of the Book, as a Work of Art, furnishes an admirable illustration of the application and use of the Science it is designed to teach,— a Science based upon the discovery of the Organic Triune Law of Creation, and the Grand Pervading Analogy of Providence. This Tripiicity of Nature will be found permeating all the thought of the Past, but only in modern times, and especially in this Volume, has it been directly applied to the uses of Science. One of the most perfect and obvious exhibitions in Nature of this Law is in the development

INTKODUCTIOI^. XXXlll

of tlie crust of the Earth, through the Primary, Secondary, and Ter- tiary stratifications. Comte saw it displaying itself in the laws of Mind as the Supernatural, the Metaphysical, and the Positive Stages of Mental Evolution ; Luke Burke perceived the analogy in the par- allel development of Geology and Mythology, and he classifies all myths into Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary. A modern chemist finds it in the properties of Matter, all reducible to Attraction, Repulsion, and Vitality ; but by the founder of Universology only, is it first numer- ically defined under the name of Unism, Duism, and Trinism, and its absolute scientific value as a guide in every possible kind of investiga- tion demonstrated and explained.

It is said that Pythagoras, on being asked who was the oldest of the Gods, replied, "Number;" and the wisest? the Author of Language, or the Namer of Things.

It is one of the wonders of Universology, that its profound general- izations and absolute analysis of all modes of thought furnish the key to every inspiration of the human mind. Upon this sublime and funda- mental intellection of the ancient sage, the most notable of the Analo- gies of Existence, Universology erects the Science of Future Ages, and relieves Man from the confusion of ideas in which he has so long wandered. Spanning Primeval Thought, it shows the Law of Mental Evolution, repeating that of the Outward Creation in its progressive development, the Divine Intent, instant in every moment of Time, and every impulse of the Soul, evolving from the Chaos of Ideas a new Creation of Determinate Reason, and furnishing to Mind the means wherewith to subdue and finally to control its old enemy but future servant. Matter.

It has been perceived in Mystical Philosophy that in Language is the Key to the Mysteries of Nature. It was said among the Hermetics that he who had the right name of a thing could call and control the Spirit of that thing. The Universal Language furnished by Universol- ogy,— Alwato, — discovered by means of the Analogies between the Ele- ments of Sound and Sense, will furnish the right name of everytliing, and the knowledge of the right use of it. This was, perchance, vir- tually the Search of the Alchemists after the Philosopher's Stone, which was the dream and aspiration of so many great and good minds, — an " Open Sesame " of Science.

Language is, indeed, the expression of Thought; but heyond this it contains in the facts of its oiun structure the most definite exhibition we can have of the laws of that which inspires or creates it. " Matter," says the Poet, " is the Tongue of God ;" and, in like manner, speech may be said to be the Echo of Consciousness. To define, establish,

3

XXXIV IlSrTEODXJCTIOlS'.

explain, and render into a new practical form of lingual expression, incontrovertibly establishing it, this subtle relation between Sound and Thought, seems a labor almost beyond the reach of human endeavor. With an unequalled persistency and closeness of thought, combined with every other faculty of Man necessary to so great an effort, Mr. Andrews has worked out and solved this Problem, and the result is the establishment of the New Universal Science on the one hand, and the New Universal Language on the other. The Basic Outline of this im- mense achievement is given in the present Avork.

The Book is a Scientific Epic, and its effect upon the Future is im- measurable to present apprehension. Herein, as it were, the whole thought of the Past is brought to a Focal Point. All previous Reli- gion, Poetry, and Science, have been converging towards this, as to a centre, whence, now, under the guidance of a definite Knowledge of Law, they may, with more direct purpose and prospect, renew their expansion and exertion in the great task of the regeneration of the Eace. J. West Nevins.

V.

^aper by ^Professor Soyte, (1)

" Washtngton, November, 1866. " I was speaking, just now, of my inability to express myself satis- factorily ; and that reminds me that when the Speaking and Writing Forms of the Universal Language developed by Universology shall obtain, it will be simply impossible for a man who understands them, not to be able to express any ideas he has the capacity to conceive or perceive ; and that it will be equally impossible for him to be misunder- stood by persons familiar with this language who hear him, or who read what he has written, every idea and shade of an idea having its analogue in the domains, respectively, of sound and form. It does seem to me as if the discovery of a Universal Speaking and Writing

(1) This paper by Prof. Boyle was not, like those which have preceded it, pre- pared with any intention of introducing the Basic Outline op Universology. It is merely an extract which I take the liberty of making from a private letter, expressing, in the most confidential and spontaneous manner, the thoughts called forth by my own communication to Mm informing him that I had designed, and was engaged upon, an abridged presentation of the subject. I have thought, how- ever, that it might not be uninteresting to the reader to be admitted to this un- premeditated and altogether private estimate of the labors in question.

The Authob.

IlfTEODUCTION. XXXV

Language — tlie Writing Language at once ideographic and phonetic — will, of itself, be sufficient to convince those who examine it intelli- gently of the Oneness of Law. For they must see that the Metaphysics and Geometry of the true language, — its soul and its body, its basis and its superstructure, its source, purpose, and functions, even the forms of its letters, and the organs of the body which cause and modify its sounds, — are analogues — 7nere repetitions of one another; different phenomena truly, but, in one sense, identical — manifestations of the same Law — indeed, the same Spirit of the same Law, but with bodies adapted to their duties in their respective domains. The all-permeat- ing nature of this language will necessarily attract even the most cau- tious and conservative explorers to follow it into one after another of the domains of thought, being, and action, to all of which they, the explorers, will then see that language is related as the domains them- selves are related to each other. They will see, in short, that while studying language, they have been studying everything. Is not the idea magnificent ?

" But, to change the subject. In what state of preparation is " The Basic Outline of Universology " ? You gave me, some time ago, a brief synopsis of the plan of the book, and Mr. Clancy has since told me more about it. Judging from your descriptions of it, I should say it is just the thing we want. Mr. Clancy has read to me an introduc- tion or preface prepared by himself — very abstruse, but not too much so, and, I think, remarkably intelligible for that kind of writing. Your book, I presume, will be very abstruse also, but none too much so for a first work. Universology Proper — I mean Universology con- sidered as the Basic Science — must be started from the Centre, and must deal mainly with Abstractions. But I trust your book will be plain — intelligible of its kind. Do I make myself understood ? — The bricklayer may be an indifferent expositor of his simple Art. His instructions to his apprentices may not be plain. He may teach them things out of their proper order. The architect, on the other hand, should present the fundamental principles of his science so plainly, each in its proper order, and in language and by illustration so intelli- gible, considering the nature of his subject, as to make even common minds understand the general principles of the science of architecture better than they were made to understand those of the vulgar art of masonry or bricklaying by imperfect teaching. It does not matter, I think, how abstruse your book may be, provided your statements be clear, your arrangements orderly, and your general method of present- ing the entire subject attractive to the class of men whom you expect to have for readers.

XXXVl IKTEODUCTION.

*^ But, after all, I have little anxiety about your book. I am confident, — I know,^that it will be just the thing. It will be replete with sug- gestion, and, in that respect alone, will be invaluable. A thousand texts will be found in it from which to write lectures, sermons, essays, newspaper articles, etc., etc., and upon which to base thousands of other books. In one sense, the more abstract it may he, the tetter. The sooner it is published the better. I feel as if the world wants it at just this nick of time, and that it will, in the end, prove to be just the book that should have been written, even if it have, for the first year or two, only a dozen readers who fully appreciate it. I wait for it.

"Augustus F. Boxle."

I do not desire to be held responsible for the individual estimates which the preceding writers have placed upon the present work. They have each spoken freely as prompted by their convictions, and each is competent to sustain the responsibility for his own views. Still less have I desired, by calling on them, to forestall or avoid criticism. On the contrary, I should wish, in the interest of Scientific Truth, to evoke, and even, if it were necessary, to provoke, the critical judgment of others ; while yet it cannot fail to be seen that the work is, in a sense, reviewed before publication by these writers, who are, from the necessity of the case, and for the present, the only experts in the matl^r. The work, such as it is, while it has been presented by my coadjutors rather with reference to it as a cause of future effects, is itself, at the same time, an effect merely of the general development of the age — a natural outcome of the stage to which we have progi-essed in what may be denominated the scientific growth of the world.

I prize these contributions to the completeness of the work in respect especially to what is said, in several of the papers, of Alwato, the new Universal Scientific Language ; for of this there is, otherwise, more of promise than of performance. The explanation of this fact is this : the work, as originally planned, was subsequently found to be too extensive to be included in a single volume, and, in fine, a necessity arose for a division of it in the middle, into two distinct works, — the " Basic Outline," and the " Structural Outline," — as if related to the foundation and to the main elevation, respectively, of an edifice. In this latter work the nature and possibility of the new Language will be ex- pounded. It is in view of this slender treatment of the subject in the pages which follow that I have employed the feeble and somewhat in- determinate expression " Preliminary Notices of Alwato" upon the title- page. As will be gathered from what is said in these papers, the new

INTKODUCTION. XXXVU'

Language is, in the strictness of the term, a discovery, and not, like the somewhat similar enterprises of Bishop Wilkins, Vidal, and others, an invention or mere contrivance. The idea is that there is a Language for the Race, as thoroughly provided by Nature, and which was as really to be discovered, as there was once a Music so existent and to be dis- covered. Our Music did not always exist as a thing scientifically known, although from the earliest times, doubtless, there w^as some instinctual development of the musical power, answering to the past instinctual development of languages m the world — prior to the true discovery of the creative lingual laws, or of the laws of true Art-creation in the domain of Language. The difference, here intimated, between discovery and invention is world-wide, and exceedingly important in this connection, but must not induce me into any effort at its develop- ment here.

The great importance of Language, and hence of Philology, as a sort of epitome of and index to all other knowledge, has been alluded to. It may then be matter of surprise that the Science of Language does not appear in the Typical Plan of the Universe (Table No. 7, t. 40, p. 23), nor in any of the more elaborate distributions of the present work. The reason is, that, inasmuch as Language is a medium of inter-communication between Man and Man in Society, and not be- tween Man and the World itself, it is — notwithstanding its intrinsic and pivotal importance — no more, from a general point of view, than a subdivision, and a somewhat minor subdivision, of Sociology, or the Science of Society. This will appear in fuller explanation elsewhere.

The occasion would be favorable, except for the want of sj)ace, to forecast somewhat in detail some of the practical applications of Uni- versology, as they are anticipated, or known as it were in embryo in my own mind. I shall, however, confine myself to a single allusion upon this class of subjects : I refer to the prospective enlargement of our knowledge of the Laws of Health, Hygiene, and Cure, and to the perhaps indefinite prolongation of Life through the higher style of scientific investigations which the new Science will introduce. A few other references to the same subject will be found in the body of the work. The novelty and temerity of such speculations, from any sci- entific point of view, — notwithstanding they have always haunted the imaginations of men,— will or will not commend themselves to the attention of the reader, according to the organization and tendency of his own mind.

There is no fact in Physiology better settled than that the true ana- logue of Human Life is the Fire which bums upon our hearths, or the taper which lights the room. Many observations would have confirmed

XXXVIU INTEODUCTION.

the early observers in the belief of the proposition that a fire must " go out," or expire, after a certain length of time ; but, by a better knowl- edge of the subject, we come to know that there is no such necessity ; and the fact that fire has been preserved upon altars for hundreds, and perhaps for thousands of years, may be to some minds something more than a fact ; it may be a suggestive symbolism as well.

If men should begin in this age, by a better understanding of the Science of Life, to live several hundred years instead of three score years and ten, would the fact be a greater surprise to the world, or a more direct contradiction of the accepted data of common life and of scientific theory, than the discovery of Photography, — the copying of our faces by the pencil of the Sun ; the magnetic Telegraph ; the anni- hilation of time in its relations to distance ; or Spirit-manifestations, physical demonstrations evincing heretofore unsuspected spiritual forces, asserting themselves by intelligible signs to be our post-mortem- surviving fellow-creatures ?

It is not the place here to argue so gmve a question, and certainly nothing but a thorough study of the Principles expounded in this treatise could place the reader m a fitting condition of mind fully to understand the argument if it were made. It is equally certain that neither the idea of Immortality per se, nor that it is to be attained through some kind of unusual and strenuous effort, is new or offensive to the mental habits of the race. " Strait is the gate, and narrow is the way, that leads to life eternal, and few there be that find it." So also, there is not wanting abundant traditional and scriptural authority for the expectation that the ultimate Heaven, or divinized residence of Man Immortal, is to be, not some distant locality or attenuated spirit- ual state, but this Earth m some perfected or regenerated condition of the planet.

Stephen Pearl Andrews.

New Tobk, February, 1868.

Supptementary by M, A, C.

That portion of the foregoing Introduction which was furnished by myself was written prior to the completion of the following work in its present shape, and was the result rather of a pretty thorough course of investigation of the Science from personal communication with its discoverer than of any great famiharity with "The Basic Outhne" as

INTEODUCTIO]^-. XXXIX

such. After a careful perusal of the " Basic Outline " in its present form, I feel impelled to make one or two suggestions to the reader, and the privilege of doing so has been kindly accorded me by the author.

This work is so entirely unique in its character, and is constructed, in almost all respects, so differently from ordinary w^orks of a phi- losophical or scientific nature, that some care is necessary on the part of the reader to guard himself against erroneous impressions. No jpro'per estimate of it can he formed unless it be viewed as a whole, or, so to speak, conspectually. While nearly every part has an interest of its own, considered in and of itself, care should be taken that this in- terest do not hinder the perception of the main and important fact ; namely, that it is the Unity of Principle found in, and furnishing the connection between, all the parts which it is absolutely essential to seize in order to a proper understanding of the Science, or rather of its fundamental character even. In other words, the characteristic and mainly valuable element of this work is its Connectivity ; it being thus in harmony with its central postulate ; for it purports to expound those underlying laws which run through and connect all departments of the Universe ; and unless a coup cPcsil of the whole subject is at- tained, the time of the reader will be in a measure misapplied during its perusal.

Another point : The reader should not be discouraged or deterred from undertaking the mastery of the subject by the novelty of appear- ance, either in the book itself, or in its terminology. Its system of nomenclature is very simple, and is easily mastered by reference to tho Vocabulary, and especially to the Commentary on Text 43, pp. 26-28, where the nomenclature is fully explained. The justification, and even the necessity, for the peculiar and unusual style, both in composition and mechanical execution, will be found in the Commentary at various points, or will become obvious by increased familiarity with the sub- ject. The work is artistically elaborated from this point of view, and is, as I think of it, grandly elaborated, so much so that it is almost as impossible to judge of it in respect to its higher attributes by any fragment or extract, as it would be to judge of one of the masterpieces of a great artist by exhibiting a square foot of surface cut from his canvas. M. A. CLAi^cy.

NOTICE TO THE READER.

Readers who may be desirous of arriving at a general understanding of the purposes and character of this work, but who lack the leisure or the application to engage with the severer portions of the subject, are recommended to omit, or to give only an incidental attention to, The Figured Nomenclature, or System of Numerical Clefs or Keys, contained in the Fourth Chapter, and which is calculated to give a rather forbid- ding impression. A more attractive substitute for this Technical Ma- chinery will be furnished in subsequent works, in the structure of the Alwatoso terms themselves, by which the Several Sciences will be named, and their Relations to each other indicated (t. 493). Even the details of the parallel distribution of Philosophy and Science, in the Fourth Chapter, may be cursorily read, and not mastered, by the ordinary reader or casual student.

The Vocabulary which follows, contains definitions of all philosophic and other unusual terms.

The letters t, C, a, are used as references to the Text, Commentary, and Annotation, with numbers referring to the Paragraphs. The letter C or a, annexed to a Paragraph in the Text, refers to the Commentary or Annotation upon that particular Paragraph of the Text, which Paragraph of the Text is then counter-referred to, by its number at the beginning of the Commentary or Annotation in question.

The Annotation consists largely of Quotations from other Authors and of Excerpts from my own earlier and incomplete works remaining in manuscript. These latter will be indicated by the letters O. M., signi- fying Older Manuscripts.

Abbreviations. Gr. Greek, Lat. Latin, Ger. German, Fr. French, It. Italian, Sp. Spanish, San. Sanscrit, Eng. English, Str. O. Structural Outline, cf. (Latin, confer), adduce, compare, F. S. Primary Synopsis.

Alwato (see Title Page) is also denominated, somewhat more techni- cally, TiKiWA. (Pronounce Ahl-wah-to, Tee-kee-wah.)

VOCABULARY.

^ * ^ " Let not the truth you do feel be lost, upon either your heart or intellect, through prejudice of that which you do not feel ; take the lesson you do under- stand, and give your author credit for a meaning even when you perceive it not, and in time you may come to perceive a deep truth where you now see nothing but mystic words." — Preliminary Essay in Coleridge's Aids to Bejlection.

^* ^ "Remember that New things are new" and do not judge them by old standards Sl-udy, and comprehend, and then criticise.

The References to Text and Commentary annexed to some of the Definitions in the Vocabalary refer to points where More Specific Definitions occur, or Definitions which, from the connexions in which they stand, may be better illustrated. But, for the Complete List of such References consult the Index.

A collective view of the terms having special technical terminations, ar- ranged Alphabetically, and then, in part, re-arranged in the Order of the Relation of the Ideas, will be found under the respective Terminations themselves, at the points where these last occur Alphabetically in the Vocabulary ; for instance, under .Ism are collected the words Uni. M, Duism, Naturism, etc., classified in both the modes above indicated.

In some cases the definitions which are given are such only as relate to new, and the JJnimrsologically technical, meanings of the words, while the same words have other and ordinary meanings, for which the ordinary Dictionary may be consulted.

A.

Ab Ovo, (Latin), from the Q^g^ from the eludes all "variableness or shadow of turn-

Qrigin or beginning. ing ;" the extremest aspect of the Absolute

Absolute, The, 1. The Ideal Substratum o^ negating all differentiation; see Absolute,

Behig ; that which puts forth Manifestations or The, I.

exhibits Phenomena ; Keal Being ; The Esse as, Absolutoid; see -Oid.

contrasted with The Exlstere ; in this sense, Absolutolooy ; see -Ology.

itself, however, a Mere Ideal Aspect of Being, Absteact, The, The Domain of Pure Ideas,

equal (on Keflexion) to Nothing, while yet such as we have in thinking of mere Num-

conceived of as The Fositke Something, or bers or Forms, or of laws, Truths, or Frin-

the Undifferentiated Unity back of the Some- ciples, drawn apart or separated from the

thing and the Notliing (t. 753) ; II. Univer- thought of any ohject or objects ; as wlien we

sal and Necessary Truth, Axiomatic Truth, say t/wo, instead of two things ; applied by

The Scientismal Absolute, and III. The Total Spencer to a Grand Department of the Sci-

Complex of Being, Substrate and Phenomena ; ences, including Mathematics and Logic.

Omni-variant Reality, (a. 5, t. 267.) {Lat. Ab{s), from; traho, to dbaw.) See Con-

Absolutism ; see -Ism. crete and Ab,<itf'act- Concrete.

Absoluto- Absolute, The, The Absolute Abstbaot-Concbete, Spencer's term for the

in its most rigorous sense ; that which ex- Group of Sciences of which ChemistryT^e-

xlii

VOCABULAKT.

hanics and Physics are tlie Types. See Ab- Li-uct and Concrete.

Abstkact-Cobtcretism ; see -Ism.

x\bstract-Concbetismus ; see -ismtjs.

Abstbact-Concketology ; see -Ology.

Abstractism ; see -Ism.

Abstbactismus ; see -isMus.

Abstiiactoid ; see -Oid.

Abstracxology ; see -Oloqy.

Absurdissima (Latin), most absurd.

AcTioNOLOGY ; scc -Ology.

Adjectivity, Phenomenality ; the property 01 being an Attribute.

Adjectivoid ; see -Oid.

Adjeotoid ; see -Oip.

Adultismus ; see -Ismus.

Affection ; see Feeling.

Affinity, a meeting at boundaries, t. 847.

A Fbonte, (Latin), from above and before ; see a prio7'i, a tergo, a posteriori.

All-Differentiated, infinitely diversified.

-Alogy, connecting vowel a for o; see -Ology.

Altruistic, benevolent, devoted to the good of others, contrasts with Egoistic (selfish), Comte ; (Lat. alier, other.)

Altruism ; see -Ism.

Alwato, or Tikiwa, (pronounced Ahl~wah- to and Tee-kee-wah)^ The Newly discovered Scientific Universal Language, resulting from the Principles of Universology.

Alwatoso, Adjective from Alwato ; relat- ing to Alwato the New Scientific Universal Language.

Alwatoli, (-lee), Adverb from Alwato: after the manner, or in the style, of Ahvato the New Scientific Universal Language.

Ambi-Directional, extending in the two opposite directions, as the arms or radii of a diameter from a centre, (Lat. umbo, both, and directio, Direction.)

Ambigu (pi. ambigu's), a term appHed to the three weak consonant-sounds h, y, w.

Amplexus, (Latin), an embrace, a folding round.

Analogic, the Science of Analogy ; related (especially) to Co-Existences, Solidarity, and Space, as (Cata-) logic is related (especially) to Co-Sequences, Continuity, and Time, (t. 321, and Commentary.) (Gr. ana, among;

logoS^ RATIO, PROPORTION.)

Analogically, echoing; as from one do- main to another ; of a part, in one, answering to a corresponding part, in another.

Analogicismus ; see -Ismus.

Analogue, Thing, Idea, or Point of View, whicii echoes, in one Domain of Being, to one which corresponds with, or is analogous to it, in another Domain, and which is, then, in term, its Analogue.

Analogy, an underlying Identity or Like- ness in Objects or Spheres which are super- ficially diftcrent , an echo of Similarity in all Spheres of Being, based on the Unity of Law ; Buch that it renders a Science of the Universe possible (t. 59) ; see Correspondence.

Analysis, a separating of Elements or Parts ; Differentiation ; Duism ; used by Comte for a Disruptive and Eevolutionary stage of Society ; The Higher Mathematics ; Induction as a Scientific Method, (a. 12-14, t. 198.) (Gr. ana, among ; luo, to loosen.)

Analytic(al), relating to Abstract Ele- ments, to the Necessary Truths or Fundamen- tal Axioms of Being ; to the Internal and Oc- cult or Recondite Grounds of Generalization, matters of exact discovery, as contrasted with Encyclopeedic or Broad Generalizations grounded on the facts of observation ; used also for Inductive ; see Analysis.

Analytical Generalizations, Generali- zations founded on Analysis and the Dis- covery of Necessary Laws, which rule as well in the Least Particular, as in The Largest Sphere (t. 1012) ; see Observational General- izations.

Analytismal ; see -Ismal.

Analytoid ; see -Oid.

Anastasis, resurrection ; {Qr.ana up, stasis a placing.

Angulism ; see -Ism.

Animism ; see -Ism.

Anoetic, Unknowable, Ferrier, (Gr. a pri- vative, noetos, Know ABLE.)

Anthropism; see -Ism.

Anthropoid ; see -Oid.

Anthropology ; see -Ology.

Antithet, an Entical or Eeal Counterpart, as an Opposite Hemisphere, or as a Partner in Marriage or in the Dance ; contrasts with Thet, that which is first considered and is then so counterparted. (t. 379.)

Antithetical, Opposed, or Contrasted; opposite to, and contrasted Avith, but coiTe- lated ; (G. anti, over, against, and tithemi,

TO put or PLACE.)

Ante-natal, previous to birth ; that which relates to the foetal life.

Anthropic, relatinf^ to man ; in the human shape (when applied to Form), (t. 964.)

VOCABULARY

xliii

Antheopism ; see -Ism.

Anthkopo-Corporologt ; see -Ologt.

Anthbopo-Mentology ; see -Ology.

Anthropoidule, a little anthropoid ; see Anthropoid, under -Oid.

Anthropology ; see -Ology.

Anthropomorphism ; see -Ism.

AoBisTos DuAs, defined, a. 24, t. 204.

Apeiron, (Greek), Unlimited.

Appetology ; see -Ology.

A POSTERIORI, from behind and telow; from Principles gathered by observation ; the Method in Science which proceeds from Ob- servations of Facts to Principles and Laws, (Lat. a, PROM ; posterior, after, or behind) ; see a tergo, a priori, a fronte.

A PRIORI, from before and above ; from Principles assumed as absolutely true ; the Method in Philosophy and Science which proceeds from Principles to Facts ; (Lat. a, FROM ; frior, first, or front) ; see a poste- riori., a fronte, a tergo.

Arbitrism ; see -Ism.

Arbitrismal ; see -Ismal.

Arbitrismology ; see -Ology.

Arbitrismus ; see -Ismus.

Arcana, (Latin, PI. of arcanum), Secrets, hidden or obscure truths.

"Arcana Ccelestia," (Latin), Heavenly Secrets ; the title of Swedenborg's principal work.

Arcanum, (Latin), something hidden or secret ; a secret, something to be revealed.

Archetypes, Initial Type-Forms; see Ideal Type-Form ; (Gr. arcJie^ primacy ; tupos, Type.)

Area, a surface included within given lines, (t. 824.)

Argument, anything duly constituted in Trigrade Development, (t. 594).

Art, Movement, Action, Doing, Perfor- mance, Perfection; The stage of Tasteful Modification, after that of Primitive Crudity, (Nature), and that of Intellectual Kectification

(Science) ; Doing, especially doing well or right,, in every department of human ac- tivity.)

Articulation, little jointing ; distinct and seriated statement, (Lat. articuhis, a little joint.)

Artism ; see -Ism.

Artismology ; see -Ology.

Artismus ; see -Ismus.

Arto-Concretism ; see -Ism.

Arto-Philosophy, The Philosophy which results from the interblending of Naturo- Metaphysics and Sciento-Philosophy, which see.

Artoid ; see -Oid.

Ascendants, Ancestry, t. 980.

Aspect, side-surface, -look, or -view; a mode of looking at a subject.

Aspectual, relating to an Aspect or Phase of Being, not to the Entity, or Being as such.

A Tergo, from behind; (Lat. a, from; tergum, the Back) ; see a fronte, a priori, a posteriori.

Atomists, ancient Greek Philosophers who held to a theory resembling the Atomic theory of Dal ton.

Attenuations, minutenesses, thinned out or refined states of Being.

Attributions, properties, predicates.

Autonomy, Self-government, (Gr. autos, SELF, and nomos, Law.)

Axial, Diametrical, in a standard or other primitive sense, passing through the centre in any of the three dimensions, so forming an Axis or line of departure from which de- clination and inclination, Interprodimension- ality, may then be reckoned, by Degrees.

Axiom, (Greek, pi. Axioms or Axiom- ata), a self-evident truth, adopted in any science as a base-line from which the sub- sequent reasonings take their departure.

Axiomatic, self-evident.

Axis, an Axial Line ; see Axial. •

B.

Baeology ; see -Ology.

Basic, fundamental.

" Becoming," The, that which is perpet- ually coming to be, and ceasing to he, Ex- istence in respect to Time and Succession ; see *' Existence," and " Movement."

Bi-CoMPouND, doubly compound, com-

pound in a higher degree than the first and ordinary stage of composition.

Bi-FUROATioN, branching into two, like a fork ; (Lat. hi or bis, twice or double ; furca,

a FORK.)

Pi-lateral, two-sided ; (Lat. U or lis, twice or DOUBLE, latus a side.

xliv

VOCABULAEY.

Ei-Tbikaceia, The Triangular shape of tlie Isle of Man, aud of Sicily, has suggested, as their escutcheon, Three Human Legs united at top, and pointing in different directions. This figure is called Trinacria : Bi-Trinaeria, the double of this figure, may be used to de- note the figure constituted by the Three Axes of the Great Globe of Space, two of them uniting The Four Cardinal Points, and one

uniting the Zenith and Nadir; these Six Arms (or Legs), going out from the common centre, are what is meant by Bi-Tririacria,

Biology ; see -Ology.

Bbahm, The Absolute, personified as God, in the Hindoo Philosophy.

Bbahma, one of the persons of the Hindoo Trinity.

c.

Calculus, (Latin, PI. Calculi), a method of Calculation ; The Higher Mathematics ; see Atialysis.

Calorification, production of Heat.

Canon, (Latin), Law, Eule, or Kegulator.

Caedinal, Hinge-wise, (Lat. Cardo, a Hinge) ; Pivotal, Capital, Chief; applied to the Principal Series of Numbers ; see Car- dinism, Ordinisra, Ordinarism.

Cardinality, the Property of being Car- dinal, or chief.

Cardinarism ; see -Tsm.

Cardinaey, Transcendental, which see. Contrasts with Ordinary; related to the Cardinal Numbers as Ordinary to the Ordinal Numbers ; see Ordinary, Fractionary, Lite- grary ; Equismal, Inequismal, (t. 478.)

Caedinated, Hinged ; arranged in a hinge- wise order or manner ; see Cardiuism.

Caedinism ; see -Ism.

Cardinismal ; see -Ismal.

Cardinismic ; see -Ismio.

Cardinismus ; see -Ismxjs.

Cardinoid ; see -Oid.

Carpus, the part of the skeleton which forms the wrist, between the fore arm and the hand.

Catalogic, Ordinary Logic ; Syllogistic or School Logic ; related to Continuity, or Suc- cession in Time ; see Analogic.

Catalogicismus ; see -Ismus.

Catholic, Universal ; Perpetual ; (Gr. Ka- tTioUkos, Geneeal, Univeesal ; Unchang- ing, Perpetual.)

The primary meaning of the term Catholic is Universal in Space, but its secondary meaning is Unchanging, or Universal in Time. The Greek word unifies in meaning both of these definitions. The New Catholic Church, instituted now, and for the Future, is, therefore, only New in the sense that it is a new Unfolding and Dispensation of Prin- ciples which are eternal ; new Relatively to

the Old (or Poman) Catholic Church and the Protestant Divergency, only in the sense in which they are new, relatively to Judaism and still older Eeligions ; while yet the Fun- damental Principles underlying the whole Eeligious Development, the Catholicity of all Space and all Time, are universal and un- changing, and, in that recondite and pro- found sense, infallible. See Catholic Church,

Catholic Church, The New; The New Church Organization and Order; the New Eeligious Dispensation aud Development; spontaneously emerging from, on the one hand, the Centralizing, and from, on the other, the Divergent Eeligions and Dispensa- tions of the Past ; but now for the first time definitely founded and constituted, or to be constituted, in the scientific Discoveries of Universology, in the Broad and Integrating Generalizations of the Philosophy of Integral- ism, and in the Practical Organic Potency of Pantarchal Order and Administration.

The Old Catholicism is the Centering Stem of the Eeligious Development of Christendom, but sins in the direction of becoming a merely Eepi-essive Spiritual Despotism. Protestant- ism, with its logical dependencies. Infidelity and Atheium, is symbolized in the Eadiating and Ascending Branches of The Common Tree. The Older Eeligions are the hidden, and grovelling, but indispensable Eoot ; Ar- bitrary and Hierarchical, as in the Eeligions of Egypt and Hindostan, or else Eational, Free and Protestant-like, as in the Tau-i^va. of China, repeating inversely— as Tap-root or -Eoots, and Eadicles — the Ascending Unism and DuisM. Tlie New Catholicism is The Totality of the Tree, Eoot, Eootlets, Stem, Branches and Twigs, reconciled in their finally recognized Entirety, and culminating in The Flowering, and the twelve-fold Fruitage, of this Tree of the Ages. " And he showed me a pure Eiver of the Water of Life,

VOCABTJLARY.

xlv

[Truth?] clear as crystal [lucidly proven?] proceeding out of the throi^e of God and the Lamb," [The central fountain of Truth and Goodness.] In the midst of the street of it^ [The Grandis Ordo Eventunm^ Ordinality, On- going, in Time], ando?i either side of it, [Car- dinality, Cardinated or Side-wise arrange- ment, in Space], was there The Tree of Life, which bore twelve manner of fruits f Spacic Distribution, Co-existences, in Scale of Twelve], and yielded her fruit every month, [Tem- pic Distribution, Co-Sequences, in Scale of Twelve] ; and the leaves of the Tree were for the healing of the Nations." Re- velations, xxii, 1, 2, 3. See Catholic, Catholic Church, The Old ; Cardiuism, and Ordinism, Grandis Ordo Eventuum, Collateration.

Catholic Church. The Old, (or Eoraan), The Central or Mother Ciiurch of Christen- dom, concentering, unifying, or, technically, Unismal in Organization, Faith, Policy, and Aspiration ; contrasted in character with the Divergency and Sectarian Tendencies of Pro- testantism, which is technically Duismal. Both are destined to mutual Reconciliation and final Harmony in the Higher, Pivoted, Omnivariant Unity, or, technically, in the In- tegrative Trinism, of the New Catholic Church of the Future. America is destined, rehict as we may, to be extensively permeated by Institutional influences derived from Eome; and the Old World is, at the same time, des- tined, in like manner, to be thoroughly im- bued with American, Republican, and Pro- testant tendencies ; the two counteracting and interblending currents of development ulti- mating in a Higher Composite Development than any which the world has heretofore reached, or could otherwise attain to. The spirit of the Roman Catholic Church, brought into constant attrition with the mental and political emancipation of the New Age, and of the West, however identical her constitu- tion may be in Fundamentals, can never be the same as it was in the early, the middle, or the recent ages ; and, on the other hand, the ultra Self- Assertion and determined Individ- ualism of German Rationalism and American Republicanism will undergo the requisite modification under the deferential and de- vout tendencies of Antiquity and the Eastern World. Europe, Asia, and Africa will gain the Divergent Individuality which frees from excessive constraint, and America the Con- vergeni Individuality, the worshipful respect

for all true authority, and the acceptance of discipline and subordination, which she, in turn, needs. The authorities of the Old Catholic Church (in order not to find them- selves hereafter placed in a false position) should be cautious not prematurely or incon- siderately to repugn the Dogma of the New Catholic Church, to which the Old Church will have, in the end, to defer — the seemingly new Dogma being no other than a logical re- turn, upon a higher plane, rationally and in- telligently, to the fundamental positions of the Old Church, vindicating the infallibility of her instinctual wisdom in a better sense than any past understanding of the subject could do. The Old, or Mother Church, is destined, in fine, ultimately to blend with, and to become a recognized, loyal, and con- stituent portion, merely, of, the larger, Uni- variant, and final Catholicity, (t. 1123.) See Catholic Church, The New ; Catholic ; Car- dinal, and Cardinism under -Ism ; Univariety, Index, Words, Divergent Individuality, and Convergent Individuality.

Celestial, heavenly, (Lat. Codum, Hea- ven.)

Celestioid ; see -Oin.

Cephalization, the production or supply of a head, as in animals which have attained to that governing appendage. (Gr. Kephale, Head.)

Cerebral, what relates to the Brain. (Lat. Cerebrum, tJieB-RAiN.)

Chalaza, in Embryology, a twisted cord which connects the yolk with the apex of the shell of the egg.

Chaos, the Primal Confusion of Things, or of the Elements out of which Things were to be formed.

Circlism; see -Ism.

CiTRANALTSis, Analysis of the minor or incomplete order ; see Citranalytical.

CiTR ANALYTICAL, analytical in a minor or imperfect degree, contrasts with ultranaly- tical. (c. 5, t, 345.)

Classification, the act of forming into a Class or Classes ; distribution into sets, sorts, or ranks.

Classiologt ; see -Oloqt.

Clavicle, the collar bone.

Clef, a Figure, or other Character or Key, selected to denote a Class or Domain.

Coccyx, the tapering small column or series of bones which forms the continua- tion downward from the sacrum to the

xlvi

VOCABULAET.

eirtremity of the entire bony column of the trunk.

C0-KXI8TENCE8, Different Phenomena which occur in the same instant of Time, and are hence, as it were, extended side-hy-side-wise, in Space, as if the Progress of Events were, for the Moment, arrested, or as if the Uni- verse were stationary in Space, without Mo- tion in Time ; see Co-Sequences.

CoHEBENT, adhering together ; cardinated and pivoted.

Coincidence, Eepetitive Analogy, (c. 12, t. 603.)

CoL-LATERATioN, side-hy-sidenesB ; see Co- existences.

COMPABATOID ; SCC -OlD. COMPAROLOGY ; SCC -OlOGT.

Composite, the high artistic Mikton^'WiQ state of combined Principles harmonized with each other.

Composition, in the sense of the Artist; the designing, and the harmonic combination of the parts, of a picture or other work of art.

C0MPO8ITY, the state of being compounded or made up of different factors or elements.

CoMTEAN, relating to Comte (Auguste), and his Philosophy.

Conation, an effort towards action ; the term which the Metaphysicians employ to de- note the active attribute of the mind ; in- cludes Will and Desire. (Lat. Conor, to un- dertake, attempt, try.)

Concrete, The, the Domain of Real Objects or Things, as distinguished from that of Pure Ideas ; applied by Spencer to the Grand De- partment of the Sciences which deal with real objects, Mineral, Vegetable, Animal, (not mere Substances as Chemistiy, nor Pure Ideas as Logic.) (liat. Con, with Gresco, to grow, — GROWN together.) Scc Abstruct, and Ab- stract Concrete.

CoNCRETisM ; see -Ism.

CONCRETISMUS ; SCC -ISMUS.

CoNCREToiD ; see -Oid. Conoretology ; see -Ologt. Conditioned, The, contrasted with The Unconditioned, (t. 240.)

CONDITIONISMTJS ; SCC -TsMUS.

CoNDiTJONOiD ; see -Oid.

Congeries, a collection of various objects or atoms in one mass or aggregate.

Consensus Animobum, (Latin), the consent of (different) minds.

Conservatism; see -Ism.

Conservative, tending to conserve, pre- serve, or guard things in the condition in which they are ; construed by Progressionists as opposed to Progression, and by Conserva- tives, themselves, as opposed to Innovation and Destructive Kadicahsm.

Consistency, the degree of thickness or density of any substance or stuff, (t. 63, 675) ; the composity of Existence and Movement in the Universe at large, (t. 666.)

Conspectuaxly, as one thing seen in all its parts.

CoNSTANT-iAL, related to Constants, in Mathematics, and what is Analogous with them ; contrasts with Fluctional ; see Static.

Content, in Philosophy, that which is held or contained ; see Continent. (Lat. Con, with ; teneo, to hold.)

Continent, that which holds or contains ; see Content. The Content is enclosed with- in or sustained upon the Continent.

Continuity, the Conditions of Being which relate to Time and Co-Sequences ; as the Successional Relations of Humanity, making the Historical Unity of the Pace, from the earliest to the latest times.

Convergent, tending towards Centricity and Unity.

Convergo-Divergent, converging on a Centre, in one drift of direction, and diverging from the same centre, viewed in the opposite drift of direction ; see Divergo-Convcrgent.

Conversion, change, turning about, or the- other-eud-first. (Lat. con, with, and verto, to

TURN.)

Convertible, capable of undergoing change.

Convertible Identity, the idea that All Things are x\ll Things else, or that they differ only in degree, and may be converted or changed into each other.

Co-ordination, orderly arrangement ; side- by-sideness.

CoBPORA Cavernosa, (Latin), anatomical name for the bodies which compose the mass of the penis.

CoRPOROLOGY ; scc -Ology.

Corpus, (Latin for body, whence English, corpse), the dead body.

Correlation, Tendential Analogy, (c. 12, t. 503.)

Correlative, (con-relative), reciprocally answering to.

Correspondences, Echoes of Similarity through different Domains of Being; see Analogue.

VOCABULAKY.

xlvii

Co-Sequences, Phenomena which occur in succession, or one after the other, in Time ; gee Co-Existences.

CosMioAL, relating to the Cosmos or Ob- jective World ; see Cosmos.

CosMisM ; see -Ism.

Cosmogony, the genetic origin or cre- ation of the World, or of Worlds ; or of the Universe. (Gr. Cosmos, Wosld ; Oone,

OFFSPBINO.)

CosMOLOorcAL ; see -Ologt.

Cosmology ; see -Olooy.

Cosmos, (Greek), World, The World, as discriminated from Man, or the rational in- habitants of the world.

Coup d'CEil, (French), a glance of the eye, ft mere slight view.

Ceanioscopy, the phrenological method of reading character by the "bumps." (Gr. Kranion, the Skull ; skopeo, to look.)

Crassitudes, thick, heavy things.

Cbedo, (Lutin), I believe ; a Creed, a for- mula of Faith.

Ceuclal, in the shape of a cross ; severely testing. (Lat. crux, a Cboss.)

Cuboid ; see -Oid.

Cubule ; a little cube.

Culture, cultivation, ripening, polish, im- provement.

CuLTus, worship; instituted worship for the culture of souls.

CuERicuLUM, (Latin), a little course or oar reer.

CuBVisM ; see -Ism.

Deciduous, falhng away, applied to the milk teeth or first set of teeth of the child.

Decussating, crossing ; generally at acute angles ; see Decussation.

Decussation, a crossing, generally at acute angles, as the nerve-fibres, at the punctum vitce, from the right and left hemispheres of the brain to the opposite sides of the body.

Deduction, the Method in Science which proceeds from Principles and Established Scientific Laws to Facts ; contrasts with In- duction. There is an Anticipatory and Pseudo- Deductive Method, from the use of which, prior to the establishment of the Inductive or Baconian Method, the term Deduction was brought into a disrepute, in the Scientific World, from which it is now recovering by the restoration of a legitimate use of the term.

Deductive, relating to Deduction, or the Deductive Method; see Induction.

Determinations, pointings in different directions, as Kight and Left, etc.

Determinism ; see -Ism.

Determinismus ; see -Ismus.

DEUT(EB)o-Christian, 1. relating to the New or Second Cliristian Dispensation, resulting from the full admission and the excessive magnification of the Principle of Eationality ; and from the Element of Knowledge as com- pletely replacing Faith, Transitional. 2. The same as lapping over upon, and substantially, or in preponderance, characterizing and gov- erning the Trito-Christian, or Final Christian and Eeligious Dispensation and Develop-

ment, which will, nevertheless, reinstate, in subdominance, the Element of Faith, (c. 28, 1. 136.) (Gr. JDeuteros, Second) ; see Proto- Christian and Trito-Christian.

Deut(er)o-Christlanism; see -Ism.

Deut(er)o-Christianismus ; see -Ismus.

Deut:^er)o-Religionism ; see -Ism.

Deut(er)o-Eeligionismus ; see -Ismus.

Deut(er'o-Eeligious, relating to the sec- ond or Transitional Grand Eeligious Stage in the World, affecting especially the Present Age ; see Deutero-Christian.

Deut(eb)o-Social, relating to the Present Transitional Age ; see Deutero-Christian, and Deutero-Eel igious .

Deut(er)o-Societism ; see -Ism.

Deut(er)o-Societismus ; see -Ismus.

Deuto ; see Deutero.

Diagram, a figure delineated for the pur- poses of illustration or demonstration.

Diagrammatic, relating to a diagram, or to diagrams.

Dialectic (-.il, adj.), pertaining to dis- cussion or a two-sided view of things, or to any Cardinismal Arrangement ; (subs.), The Logic of Discussion, or Two-Sided Eeason- ing ; or of Double View. (Gr. dia, right THROUGH, thorough; lejo, TO speak;) (t. 329.)

DiAMAGNETISM ; SCC -ISM.

Diametrical, through the centre, (Gr. dia, through; metron, Measure.)

Diamitrid, an embodied Diameter, as a real Shaft or axis, (c. 7, t. 43.)

xl/iii

VOCABULAKY.

DiAMiTEiT, an Abstract Linear Diameter.

Diastole, the dilatation of the heart, au- ricles, and arteries, opposed to systole^ or con- traction ; the two completing the Rhythmical Movement.

DiFFEEENTiAJL, causinpf or producing diflfer- ence ; relating to difference ; in Mathematics, applied to a branch or aspect of the Cal- culus.

DiTFEBENTiATiON, the making of things to be ditierent, Spencer.

DiFFERKNTiATiVB, tending to or producing Differentiation.

DiGiTi, (Latin, plural of digitus,) Fingers.

DiBEMPTivE, Hick ok, applied to one variety of Force.

Dispensation, a particular stage or regime of affairs, lasting generally through some number of generations.

Distance, a standing asunder, (t. 933.)

Diveeqence ; see Divergent.

DrvEEQENT, tending decentrally, towards Separation and Disunity.

DrvERGO-CoNVEBGENT, diverging from, and converging towards, a Centre ; Radiation viewed in this mode of double Aspect; The Inverse mode of beginning and conducting the inspection is Convergo-Divergexit, which Bee. Combinations to result from these two compound terras thus, Convergo-Diver- genta-Divergo- Convergent (view from base to apex and back to base + view from apex to base and back to apex), would be requisite to describe the fourfold aspect of this simple geometrical phenomenon ; The Triangle or Cone, or Pyramid. Finally the doubling of this view, with reversal, would be requisite to describe Forms which are fundamentally important, in the new forth- coming Science of Morphology, and Forms with which the Mathematician is already familiar, but which he has no means of naming ; thus Convergo-Divergenta-Dlver- go- Convergent ' Divergo- Convergenta- Convergo- Divergent, would be the requisite term to de- scribe accurately the common mathematical conception of the figure formed by the two Nappes of a Cone, meeting at their apices, (the hour-glass form), and Divergo- Convergen- ta- Convergo-Divergent ; Con vergo-Divergenta- Divergo- Convergent to describe the figure formed by the two same Nappes or Cones meeting at their bases (proximately the cigar-form). When, then, all radical varieties ol form (and none more important than pre-

cisely these two) come to be recognized in Science, as Essential Types of Truth, iu Mo- rals, in Religion, and in all other Domains, (t. 5o5, 930), it becomes obvious that Lan- guage itself must be reconstructed to meet the demands of such Science ; and that the Scientific World must replace its present awkward and unscientific procedure, in the construction of Technicals^ taking a four syl- lable word, for instance, like anthropos, from the Greek, as an Element, as in anthropomor- phism, {anthropos, Man ; morph'e, form), by something better. Tlte true Elements of tech- nical word-bnilding are the Phonetic Elements ; the single Vowels or Conso7iants,vf\nc\\Q\\ou\(!i begin, and do begin, in Nature, by rep- resenting not only ideas of some sort, but precisely The True Elementary Ideas of all Thought and Being. If there were a de- mand for compounding and then Bi-com- pounding such long words, as Anthroporrwr- phism, the absurdity of even attempting it would be obvious ; but words every vowel and consonant of which is significant, readily carry the composition to any height which is requisite. See -Ism, Univariety, Universology ; "Treatise on a Universal Alphabet," by the Author, in Continental Monthly, for June, 1864; "Alphabet of the Universe" and " Universal Alphabet," " Introduction to Alwato," " Structural Outline of Univer- sology," etc. (a. 19, t. 152.)

Dogma, (Greek), doctrine or teaching.

Dominant, (adj.), governing; (subst.), that which governs.

Drift, the single "direction" of a given " direction ;" the view along a line in a single " direction ;" the operation of a force in the same manner ; an Order, a procedure, t. 616.

DuAD, the collective Two, as the Unit is the segregated One.

Duality, Twoness, the first Stage of Plu- rality. (Lat. Duo, Two.)

Dualism ; see -Ism.

DuisM ; see -Ism.

Duismal ; see -Ismai..

DuisMus ; see -Ismus.

DuoiD ; see -Oid.

Dynamic, potent, efficient, effective; used in Homeopathy for the hidden, obscure, un- accountable force, or latent-spiritual efRciency of a specific remedy over a given disease; see Dynamis.

Dynamis, (Greek), Force ; Power; Energy.

VOCABULARY.

xlix

E.

EoHosoPHio, relating to Echosophy.

EcHosoPHY, Positive Science, as distin- guished from Pliilosophy, Metaphysics, Spec- ulation, Theory, etc. (c. 3, t. 12.)

Eclecticism ; see -Ism.

Ecstatic, (adj.), inexpressibly exquisite; (subs.), a Domain of Being midway from the Absolute to the Infinite, Analogous with the locality and Function of the Genitals, (t, 444.)

EcsTATOLOQT ; sec -Ologt.

EoENETO, (Greek), has become.

Ego, (Latin), I, Myself.

Egoistic, inspired by selfishness or Ego- ism ; see Egoism.

Eidolon, an image or statue ; an ideal form or Typical object.

Elaborismus ; see -Ismtjs.

Elementism , see -Ism.

Elementismus ; see -Ismus.

Elementologt ; see -Ologt.

Elements, First Principles, Originators, Primitive Producers, Prime Factors or Con- stituents.

Elite, The, (French), Choice, Superior, applied to Classes or a Class of People m Society.

Embeto, the first rudimentary organization of the foetus in the womb, or of z. plant in the germinating seed.

Embryology ; see -Ology.

Empirical, what pertains to, or is derived from, Experience ; see Experiential.

Empiricism ; see -Ism.

Encyclopedic, Universally agglomerative ; Broadly Generalizing, contrasted with Kadi- cally Analytical, or Ultranalytical.

Ending ; see Termination.

Endogenous, originating from within ; ap- plied to mental processes, means internal or spiritual, or operating from the inward con- sciousness outwardly ; see Exogenous.

Endo Spacic, belonging to Internal Space, the space included within the limits of the Object considered ; see Exo-Spacic.

Endo Spiritual, relating to the Internal or Centering Spirit of the Being or Individual : contrasts with Exo- Spiritual, relating to the Circumambient and radiating Spiritual- Sphere-, (Atmospliere)-, or Environment; see Spirit.

Endo-Stabiliology ; see -Ologt.

Endo-Unit-ive, relating to the interior of the Unit ; hence allied with Fractional ; see Exo-Unitive, and Universology — vowel a.

Engrenage, (French), Overlapping, dove- tailing.

Ens, (Latin), Being, Eeal Object.

Entia, (Latin), plural of en^ ; Eeal Beings; Things whatsoever which exist; distinguished from mere Kelations between Things.

Entente Cordla.le, (French), cordial or friendly understandmg.

Entical, relating to Ens, Entia, Entity, or Being as such ; contrasts with Eelational, and also with Aspectual.

Entities, Things ; any Objects of Thought whatsoever as distinguished from the Re- lati(yns between such Objects ; although in another sense the Kelations themselves are objects of tTwught also, and are also, therefore, Entities, but of another order. Entities and Eelations are the whole of Being — the Ana- logue of Entities, Points ; that of Eelations, Lines.

Entity ; see Ens. This word is, I think, badly chosen by Comte to signify an imagi- nary or unreal conception. I employ it, on the contrary, to denote Eeal Objects, or what- soever is endowed by the mind, with Reality in contrast with Eelations as intervening, ideal, quasi-Eealities, or quasi-Entities, (t. 603.)

Epi-Cosmoloqy ; see -Ology.

Equa-Inequism ; see -Ism.

Equated, made equal, brought into equar tion with each other.

Equation, a formal mathematical state- ment, by aid of the sign =, that one quan- tity is equal to another quantity, thus 1+3 = 2 + 2 ; or, more generally, any instance of equality ; apposition, with equality, as the identity of meaning between the thing defined and its definition.

Equism ; see -Ism.

Equismal ; see -Ismal.

Equismus ; see -Ismus.

Equity, equality of advantage in any mu- tual transaction.

Esse, (Latin, meaning to be), Absolute Be- ing, Being in se, contrasts with Existere ; see The Absolute.

EsTHETicAL, pertaining to the science of Taste. (Gr. Aisthet,lcos, relating to Per- ception BY THE Senses.)

Etheria, the "second form of matter," attenuated spirit-like materiality.

Ethics, the Science of Morals, (a. 1, c. 5,t. 5.)

1

VOCABULAKY.

Etiology ; see -Oloot.

EuBEKA, (Greek), / have found, or dis- covered [it] ; attributed as an exclamation of triumph to Archimedes, on the discovery of Specific Gravity.

EvENTUATioK, the Series or Continuity of Events ; the Succession of Events in Time.

Evolution, an unrolling or folding out, as the petals of a bud when it becomes a flower, (Lat. e [ex\, fbom or fbom within, and volvo,

TO BOLL.)

Exactology ; see -Ology.

Ex-Cathei)ba, (Latin), from the seat of judgment, or from the pulpit or desk, mean- ing authoritatively, arbitrismaUy.

ExouEsus, a running forth, (Lat. ex, pbom ; eurro, to bun.)

" Existence," Being, manifested by its Phenomena, especially in a state of Best in Space, as contrasted with " Movement," used for Being in Movement, in Time.

Existential, relating to Existence.

ExisTEBE, Phenomenality ; The Manifes- tations of Being, contrasted by Swedenborg with Esse, as Being in se, or Absolute Being ; Bee Esse, the Absolute.

Exogenous, originating or growing from without ; applied to mental processes means external or mundane, or operating from the

outer consciousness inwardly; see Endog- enous.

Exo-Spacio, belonging to External Space, the Space excluded from the Object con- sidered ; see Endo-Spacic.

Exo-Spieitual, relating to the circum- ambient-aud-radiating-Spiritual-Sphere-, (At- mosphere)-, or Environment, of the Being or Individual ; contrasts with Endo-Spiritual, relating to the Interior-or-Centering-Spirit, allied with the Soul ; see Spirit.

Exo-Stabiliology ; see -Ology.

Exo-Unitive, relating to what is exterior to the Unit; hence allied with Integers or whole Numbers, and by Analogy to Society as contrasted with the Individual ; see Exo- Spacic, and Universology — vowel a.

EXPEEIENTIALISM ; SCC -ISM. EXPEBIENTIOID ; SCC -OlD.

Explicated, developed into the minutise of differentiation and details.

ExTBEMisTS, in a good sense those who are radical and thorough, those who carry things out to " the bitter end," or as far as possible or requisite ; in a bad sense those who are organized or who act in a one-sided or ex- treme manner.

Ex VI TEBMiNi, (Latin), from the (mere) force of the term.

F.

Fabbication, creation, building, or mak- ing. (Lat. Faber, aBuildeb or Makeb.)

Facta, (Latin), Things done ; Eealities externally and materially considered, con- trasted with Eternal Principles and Necessary Laws ; see Entities and Entia.

Factob, a constituent; one of the parts which go to make up a whole.

Faith, "Conviction from Testimony," Hickok.

Fasciculus, (Latin), a little bundle.

Feeling, as a Department of the Mind, with the Metaphysicians, is the Sensational Faculty; the "Affection" of Comte; the " Love " of Swedenborg.

Feminism; see -Ism.

Feminismal ; see -Ismal.

Feminismus ; see -Ismus.

Feminoid ; see -Did.

Fetichism, Idolatry, the worship of "stocks and stones."

Fltjctional, wave-like, currental, flowing.

Focus, (Latin, for a flre-place) ; a central

fire, any central reservoir of forces and ac- tivities.

Focal, relating to a focus, or the focus.

FtETUs, the unborn child ; the child in the womb.

FoBMULA, (Latin, pi. Formulae), a terse and formal statement of a Principle or Truth, em- ployed for brevity, force, and ease of reference.

Fbactionaby, relating to Fractions or the Aliquot Sectionizing of Unity, and to the Do- main of Affairs analogous with them.

Fbactionismus ; see -Ismus.

Feactionism ; see -Tsm.

Fbactionismology ; see -Ology.

Function, action or performance, as of the duties of an office ; the action or office of any particular part or all the parts of an animal body, or of any body ; interior action more generally, in this sense, than exterior. (Lat, ruNQOE, to perform.)

FuNCTioNOLooY ; scc -Ologt.

Fund amentum, (Latin, pi. fundamental foundation or seat.

YOCABULAKY.

U

G.

Gallian, relating to Gall, founder of Phrenology.

Genekalization, Large or Broad Views of a Subject, omitting Details and Particulars ; The process of reducing particulars to their generals or genera ; the state or condition so attained to, (t. 334.)

Generalooy ; see -Ology.

Generaloid ; see -Oid.

Geocentric, relating to the old theory of the solar system which made the earth the centre of it. (Gr. ge^ Earth; kentron, a Centre.) See Heliocentric.

Geometrical, brought into regular form.

Gesturologt ; see -Ologt.

Globism ; see -Ism.

Globoid ; see -Oid.

Globose, relating to a globe.

Globule, a little globe.

God, The Etymology of the English (and Teutonic) word is considered obscure. The Latin BeuSj Sanscrit Beva, Greek Zens, is allied with the Sanscrit Di/u, Day, meaning The Heavens, opening up to the Light. (See Max Miiller, Science of Language, 2d Series, Ch. 10.) The Chinese Tien has not, even yet, differentiated the ideas of Heaven and God ; this confusion offering a serious diffi- culty to the Christian missionaries. A God is primarily a Pivotal Person, a Eepresenta- tive Man, or even an animal or inanimate ob- ject, or an Abstract Attribute or Principle, con- sidered, from any point of view, as governing or presiding over human affairs. Hence there are, at first, innumerable Gods (Polytheism) ; but Pivots, however elevated and central, while they remain plural at all, have still their Pivot, and the ascension of the Pyramid of Honor or "Worship reaches necessarily, at last, the apex or acme, in the idea of One Sole God, (Monotheism.)

This primitive doubleness of meaning, ac- cording as the Supremacy or God-character is assigned to a Person or other real object, on the one hand, or to an Abstract Principle or Central Knot of Abstract Principles, the In-

herent Necessity of Law in the midst of Be- ing, the Logos of Plato and St. John, on the other hand, remains, however, in Theology, and is always the broadest ground of differ- ence among Theologians. The one Doctrine is Pietism and Arbitrism, the other is Eation- alism and Logicism. Each party is equally entitled to the use of the term God, to denote the conception of Universal Pivotism, or of an Overruling, Central Director or Directing Potency of the Affairs of the Universe.

The personal conception of God is Unis- mal; The Logos or Logical conception is Duismal. The Trinismal Conception (and more subtly the Tri-unismal) will be the Re- conciliation and Harmony of the two earlier forms of the conception in a Higher, more Distinct, and doubtless much modified con- ception of God and of his nature and attri- butes, which will then be the centering Basis of the Theology of the Future, and this, in turn, the Core of Universological Learning. See Pivotal, Polytheism, Monotheism, Ar- bitrism, Logicism, Unismal, Duismal, Trin- ismal and Tri-unismal ; Integrahsm, Cardin- ism, and Theology.

GoNEOLOGT ; see -Ologt.

Grand Etre, Le, (French), The Grand Being ; Collective Humanity or Human Society as the object of devotion and worship; Comte.

Grand is Ordo Eventuum, (Latin), the Grand Order of Events ; The Universal On- going or Procession in Time.

Grand Man, The, Univereal Humanity, or The Universe of Rational Existences, es- pecially in the Heavens, The Superior De- partment of the Spirit-World, conceived of as organized and functionating in the form (analogically) of One Man, and as One Bar- tional Being ; Swedenborg.

Ground, Foundation, Basis, the most fun- damental part of anything ; that which up- holds the rest ; used in Philosophy, in this sense, technically.

Gbundsaetze, (German), Principles, (Ground-Settings.)

H.

Habitat, the locality occupied by the par- ticular animal or being.

Hadean, relating to Hades, or the world of Spirits.

Halo, the " Glory " with which Painters surround the heads of Saints.

Harmony, agreement of parts, as of the constituent elements of a symphony in music.

lii

VOCABULARY,

Heavens, The, a term implied by Paul, and used by Swedeuborg, for the difl'erent departments or stories of what is ordinarily called Heaven ; see The HeUs.

Hegelian, relating to Hegel and his Phil- osophy.

Helicism ; see -Ism.

Heliocentkic, relating to the new or Co- pemican theory of the solar system, which makes the sun to be the centre of it. (Gr. Helios, THE Sun ; kentroii, Centre.) See Geocentric.

Hells, a term used by Swedenborg for the different departments or stories of what is ordinarily called Hell ; see Heavens.

Hemiplegla., paralysis or palsy of one side of the body.

Hermetic, (from Hermes, the Greek name for Mercury), applied to a school of mystical Philosophers of the Middle Ages who treated of Universal Principles, of the Hierarchy of Celestial Beings, of Medicine, etc.

Heterogeneous, different in nature and properties ; composed of different materials or

sorts of things. (Gr. heteros, dibterent ; ge^ nos, KIND.) See Homogeneous.

Hierarchy, a Sacred or Priestly Order ; an Ascending aud Descending Scale of Supe- riors and Inferiors, as of Officers and S ubor- dinates, in any Domain ; contrasted with the Z€z;eZ of Democracy, (t. 924.)

Hierarchical, (adj.), relating to Hie- rarchy.

Hieroglyphic, emblematic, symbolic.

Historical Order ; see Natural Order.

Hogarthian, derived from, or discovered by, Hogarth, the painter.

HoMiNAL, relating toman. (Lat. homo, Math.)

Homogeneous, alike in nature and pro- perties ; all of one kind. (Gr. homos, like ; genos, kind.) See Heterogeneous.

Homoiomeria, defined, a. 36, t. 204, p. 164.

Humanitarian, benevolent, philanthropic, interested in the universal affairs of mankind.

Hybridity, the crossing of different species, as of animals ; in respect to Languages, the deriving of a word in part from one language, and in part from another.

Ideala-Spiritual, relating at the same time to the Ideal and to the Spiritual.

Idealism ; see -Ism.

Ideal Order ; see Logical Order.

Ideal Typical Plan, (Transcendental) ; the Pattern-Scheme or Congeriated Arrange- ment of Ideal Type-Forms in a larger System or Plan ; see Type-Form, (t. 1046, 1049.)

Idea-Phronesis, (Greek), the individual or personal variety of kuoNvledge as contrasted with the Koinos Logos, which see.

Idea-Phronicism ; see -Ism.

Ideas, Forms of Thought, (Gr. idea, form,

SEMBLANCE, LOOK.)

Ideation, the formation of Ideas.

Identity,

Ideology ; see -Ology.

Ideo-real, that which, in thought, is real.

Ideo-unreal, that which, in thought, is unreal.

Immanent, indwelling.

Inclinism ; see -Ism.

Incoherence, fragmentary or chaotic state, as of Society prior to any harmonic organi- zation and unity ; disarrangement ; the ab- eence of pivoted and cardiuated organization.

Indeterminism ; see -Ism.

Indeterminismology ; see -Ology.

Indeterminismus ; see -Ismus.

Individualism ; see -Ism.

Individuality, the inherent differentiation of character which constitutes the Individual and causes him to differ from other Individ- uals ; Doctrine of the same, and of its social consequences.

Induction, the Method in Science which proceeds from the Facts of Observation to some Rational Inference from those facts, which is then established as a Law ; see Deduction, (c. 1-9, t. 321 ; c. 1-7, t. 345.)

Inductive, relating to Induction.

Industrial Attraction, doctrine of Fou- rier, that all labor is, intrinsically, and can, by proper social adjustments, be rendered prac- tically, agreeable or attractive.

Ineffable, what cannot be spoken or ex- pressed.

Inequa-Equism ; see -Ism.

Inequism ; see -Ism.

Inequismus ; see -Ismus.

Inexpugnable, which cannot be sep- arated or expelled ; literally, un-fight-ouU

VOCABULARY

liii

aUe. (Latin in, not ; ex, out of ; pugno, to

riOHT.)

Inexpugnability, the state of being luex- pngmible.

In Extexso, (Latiu), extensively, in full extent.

Infanta- Feminoidal, corresponding with that which characterizes the child and the •woman ; mother-and-child-state.

Infantoid ; see -Oid.

Infernalism ; see -Ism.

Infebxology ; see -Ologt.

Infinitesimals, a term applied in the Mathematics to infinitely small quantities; fractionally less than any assignable quantity.

Infinitology ; see -Ology.

Inherence, that which is permanent or eternal in the constitution of Being, (t. 759.)

Inorganism ; see -Ism.

Inorganismology ; see -Ology.

Inorganismus ; see -Ismus.

Instanti^vlity, the actualizing Point, where the point in Space and the point in Time con- cur in the Event,

Instep, tliat part of the bony fabric ot the foot which is situated between the tarsus and the toes.

Integer, a "Whole Number, a Unit, or Unity, as distinct from a fraction.

Integerism ; see -Ism.

Integerismology ; see -Ology.

Integebismus ; see -Ismus.

iNTEGitAL, many-sldeA, all-sided, and, hence, both compound and eutlre ; whole, complete.

Integbalism ; see -Ism.

Integralismus ; see -ismus.

Integrality, wholeness.

Integration, combining, the unition oi aspects or parts in a whole ; the binding or growing of things together into a whole, Spencer.

Integrative, rendering wJiole, complete or

ALL-SIDED.

Integrism ; see -Ism.

Intelligence ; see Knowing.

Inter- Atomic, coming between atoms.

Intebismology ; see -Ology.

Intersusception or Intussusception, a taking up into. (Lat. inter, or ifitus, into, or WITHIN, and suscipio, to take itp, like the closing up of a telescope.)

Intuition, immediate observation or in- spection; the same when interior or spiritual, or by the Internal Senses ; hence Immediate and Symtatical Knowledge, allied with In- stinct and Feeling, and contrasted witJi Knowl- edge by Mental Analysis and Intellectual Re- fiection, this last allied with Clear Vision and The Sense of Sight.

Intuitional, what relates .to the Intuitiou as a means of Knowing.

-ISM.

-Ism, a Termination or Ending directly attached to the Stem of a "Word, to denote an Abstract Principle derived from a Quality or Relational Attribute of some Concrete Em- bodiment or Sphere of Being ; so that the same Principle or Spirit of Attribution or Relation, occurring in any and all other objects and spheres, is identified with it as the same; making the basis of an Abstraction from all Special Spheres, The Ism is therefore Com- parological ; or, transcending all special Spheres, it passes from Sphere to Sphere, while yet originally, and, always predomi- nantly, it is characterized by that one in which it is first observed and where it specially prevails. It differs in this, essen- tially, from the termination -Ity (Monocre- matic or Monospheric) which denotes the in- dividual (Substantivoidal) Spirit^ or the In-

most, of a SingU Object or Sphere, and its Radiation or Efflux, merely, abroad.

It is one of the subtlest observations ever made by any thinker, when Emerson observes, that : " In order to be '\Jr\-4on, there must first be Un-i^«." It is also a grand use of the idea which he intends, namely, that : In or- der to the existence of any Society (Union) worthy of the name, there must first be de- veloped Individuals, Units, to be the Mem- bers or Constituents of The Larger Ideal Unit which we call Society— the Un-io-^ of the individual Vn-rrs. But there is a closer, more metaphysical and analytical, and con- sequently a more elementary use, to be made of the idea stated by Emerson, than any So- ciological application which it was his pur- pose to suggest. This more radical use of the thought can be stated as follows :

liv

YOCABULABY.

UiT-i< or TJs-id (c. 7, t. 43) is the Individ- ual One Object (Abstract or Concrete) which is observed. It is therefore single, or, in the absolute sense, One,' but UN-iow-is the unition and classification of One Individual Unit with (at least) One Other Individual Unit, in a New Ideal Unit, (the -ion or -yun), which, as to the semlble fact, is now Two, and no longer One. We are now talking, therefore, not of One but of Two, while yet we retain the same "Word-Stem (Un — , from the Latin JJnus, One), in both these (sensuously speaking) totally opposite cases. It is only because we have passed up from the Plane of Material (or Materioid) Observations to the Ideal Plane, that we are authorized to continue to employ the same Word-Stem, having original re- ference to Unity ; and there is this Antithet- ical Eeflection (see Index) and Tebminal Conversion into Opposites (t. 83) and Polab Antagonism (t. 225) between All Things of the Material, and All Tilings of the Ideal^ Planes^ or Domains of Being.

This subtle gliding or transfer of the mean- ing of words, quite unobserved by both speaker and. hearer, by change of Plane, from a Primitive Meaning to, in a sense, The Pre- cisely Opposite Meaning, is the most fruitful source of dissension and incomprehensibility in all our discussions, the liability to which can only be securely guarded against by the Universological Discovery of a New and Ea- dical Scientific Basis/or Language itself. All existing languages are Instinctual and JVd- turoid in the character of their development, and are hence inherently inadequate to serve as the proper instrument of exact thinhing ; or to prompt and compel Exxict Thought, by the subtle exigencies of their own structure. These Higher Functions of Speech can only be performed by Speech itself scientifically re- constrvcted upon a radically nezv discovery of the Nature and Powers of the Elements of Speech itself ; by, in other words, a Scientific- ally constructed Universal Language ; upon which, as a Basis, the Materials now ac- cumulated in all existing languages, sifted and polished, can be superinduced and wrought in, in the final Ee-cast, Permanent Structure, and Artistic Embodiment of the One Planetary Language of the Future.

Unit is the Fact of Observation ; Union is the Classiflcatlon of that Fact with another similar Fact (or more than one such). Unit and Union are both, however, stages of, or

upon planes of, the Ordinary Domain of Science— the Natural Sciences. Un-vsY is the Soul of the Unit or Union, or else the gener- alized and more attenuated aspect of Union, or of Particular Instances of Union as New Ideal Units. It is, therefore, a Transcendental or Cardinary Fact, more Ideal still tlian mere Classification, or the Corpwate constitution of the Single Ideal Unit. Generalization is higher than Classification, and is the Floor or Basement Degree of Transcendentalism. But Unity is still a Fact of Eeal Being (though Interior and Spiritual), and only therefore, in this lower sense, Cardinary, or above the Ordinary Eange of Conception. It is Sub- Btantivoidal, and echoes still to the region of Substantives, (although of the abstract Sub- stantives or Nouns,) in Grammar.

Finally, Unr-vs,^ is the naming of the more subtle and more truly Cardinary Idea, not re- lating to any single object or sphere, but to a Generalized Quality, occurring in many Spheres. It is not, therefore, substantivoidal or analogous with Substantives even when Abstract, but with the Adjective and Preposi- tional Domain, the Domain of pure Qualities and Eelations, (t. 488, and Index, word Ad- jectivity.) In respect, for example, to tlieso several derivative words from the source Unua (One), Un-JSUL denotes that aspect of per- manent sameness which, whether in lower or higher spheres, whether in relation to ideas which are sensuously one, or sensuously many and ideally one, authorizes the reten- tion of the same Word-Stem ( Un-) through- out. Unism is thus the mK)st Abstract Spirit or the Pure Quality of the Number One; whether that quality be found in Un-it, the Primitive Simple Individual ; in Un-ion, the new Ideal Compound Unit, really, or sen- suously Two or Many ; or in Un-ity, the gener- alized aspect of Units and Union in a some- what vague abstraction, still, however, re- lated to Thing. Unism is, therefore, the ex- act, generalized. Adjective Quality, {of One), like WJiite, which occurs in the wool or in the snow, or In a thousand other objects.

In other words, -ism gives the result of an Analytical Generalization, and -Ity that of an Indeterminate, Spirit-Vike, or Vapory ^ Observatobial Generalization, not, there- fore, " Positive " or Echosophic, even in the Ordinary or Lower Scientific Sense, (t. 1010-1012.) It is ideas of this class (the Ity's) which Comte intends by Entities ; see Entity.

VOCABULAET.

Iv

The Highest and Grandest Subdiviaional Distribution of Universal Adjective Property, (The Domain therefore of -Ism) is into 1. The Good, (it might be Goodism) TJnismal ; 2. The True, Buismal ; and 3. The Beautiful, Trinismal. The Second of these, The True, Ihiismaly is The Governing or Supreme At- tribute ; that to which all others must (in pre- dominance) submit and conform. It is the Logos »r God-Principle of the Abstract At- trihutional Domain. Good and Beautiful are susceptible of Degrees of Comparison, as Better and Best, more Beautiful and most Beautiful ; but True has strictly no Degrees of Comparison ; Truth no possible enhance- ment of its own Nature. It is The Abstract God ; the (personally) unrevealed God ; the God of conceptual, self-existent Justice, (or adjustment). Truth and Law; God the Father of the Final Theology, in a word : The Sciento- Absolute ; (see Messiauism, Odic Force, Spirit, Absolute.) "Philosophy," Bays Proudhon (Creation de I'Ordre, p. 87) *' has never yet essayed to give a General and Transcendental TJieory of Abstraction; but, without such theory, certitude respecting the points still controverted in Philosophy [which includes Theology] can never be acquired."

Affection, Love, The Good, (Analogues of each other), TJnismal, are opposite in Nature to Knowledge, Wisdom, and The True (Ana- logues of each other), Buismal. Affection is essentially side-taking, partial, a respecter of persons, and hence unjust, or not-true, in the abstract Scientic meaning of Justice, Truth and Law. It accords with Idior^hronicism, as Tiie True accords with the Kolnos Logos, (which see.) Utter Devotion to the governing Behests of the Abstract and Absolute Truth is the suflScient platform, or Basis of the Creed, of the New Religious Dispensation, the Re- ligion of the Future ; devotion thence to the Discovery of Truth, and thence again to the discovery or acquisition of the Method which shall conduct to the discovery of Truth.

Devotion to Truth is then The First Pos- tulate ; but it may be that we do not know the Truth ; there is demanded therefore A Pre- liminary Devotion to the discovery or the search after Truth; but we may not Tcnow how to seek the truth ; there is therefore the demand for A Still Preliminary Devotion to the Dis- covery of A Scientific Method, by which wo can investigate and determine the Truth uni- versally. Universology purports to be the

Discovery and Demonstration of that Method. It results that the Religious Sentiment of the World should, for th« present, be concen- tered on the comprehension, acquisition and criticism of the New Universal Science or Science of the Universe.

But, yet. The Beautiful is the result of graceful compromise between the Sternness of Abstract Truth and the too excessive con- cessiveness of Affection or Love, and is, therefore, from one point of view higher and more than Truth, (t. 1117.) When Goethe affirmed that " Beauty is more than Good- ness," the world could not understand him. In the light of these Principles it is seen in precisely what sense it is more than both Goodness and Truth, since it is a Compound Resultant of the two, and is in that sense more than either of its factors ; but in the Governmental or Regulative Sense, it is always the second. Pure Abstract, term in the Trigrade Scale of Prime Elements, which is supreme. Confucius said, " 0 that I could find a Tnan who loved Truth as I have seen men love Beauty / ^^ Christ said, " The Zeal of my Father's House hath eaten me «j?."

To ascend from Personal Love, centered, in the first instance, upon some Ideal or Real Personality however exalted, to Love primarily and 'directly centered upon that Pure Abstract and Universal Truth vihich embraces and presides over all Ideals and all Personality, and to the Love tlien and thence derived, of Ideals (or Idols) and Persons, only, or chiefly, in so far as, and because, they embody or incarnate The Truth {TJie Logos), in fall, or in parts previously es- ti?nated and clea?'ly understood in the Abstract State, and hence intelligently and critically recognized, in its Varying Degrees, in its Per- sonal Representatives ; to ascend from this Compound Love to the Wisdom whicJi, comes from the Knowledge of Truth, and finally, to proceed thence, to that Supreme Gracefulness of Conduct, the High Art of the Individual and Collective Life of Humanity ; — to marry, in a word, the burning and absorbing pious zeal of Christ to the Love of Truth per se, so pathetically sighed for by Confucius ; to marry these two Loves, conjointly, with the Clean- cut and Profound Intellectual Understanding of Truth; Sciento-Philosophic, — such is the more Elaborate Programme of the New Re- ligion propounded by Universologt, Inte- gkalism and Pantarcuism — New only in the

Ivi

VOCABULAKY.

sense that it is the Superior Development, the Flowering-out of the Religion(s) of the Past ; the Eealization of all that is or can be truly meant by the looked-for ' ' Second Com- ing of Christ.'''' See Catholic, Catholic Church, (New, Old,) Theology, God.

The Incarnated Human Excellence, In- dividual or Collective, which could rightly say, in Scriptural Phrase, but in a new sense and with reference to the Most Profound and Fundamental Abstract Truth, "I and my Father are One," might be proclaimed, with- out blasphemy, as *'The Messiah," "The Anointed One," and as " Immanuel," or *' God with us." Of such Transcendent and Divinized Humanity it might be said in a less restricted Personal Sense than of Old, "And The Word, {The Logos) became Flesh, and dwelt among us, (and we beheld his glory, the glory as of the only begotten of the Father), fuU of Grace and Truth." The "Lyrical Philosophy" (see Mysticism) of the Old Scriptures may thus be interpreted into the more intelligible Human-like experience of the New Age.

The excess of Love is, indeed, not unfre- quently the worst enemy of Truth. Even God and Christ, and The Bible, and The Church maybe held to and devotedly loved, by the best of people, in a certain sacramental way in which these sanctified objects are mere Idols, dark- ening the understanding, hindering the free- dom of the mind and the possibility of Pro- gress, perpetuating bigotry, dogmatism, re- ligious arrogance and other wide-spread ecclesiastical vices.

Professor Huxley, on a recent occasion, rejoices that the -Itys (-Ities) are rapidly dis- appearing from Science ; that, in other words, we are, in this age, contenting ourselves with the Facts of Observation, the -its and -ids, and their Classifications the -ions and -tions (-unz and -shunz). He is quite right, profoundly right, in respect to the proper method in his own really lower and Ordinary, but not less indispensable, Department of Science, which, in order to prosper, must eliminate what does not belong to it ; but, there is a certain un- conscious arrogance in the assumption, by the champions of the Natural Sciences, in this hour of the triumphant development of their subject, to the effect, that their Science is the only Science, and their scientific method the only scientific method. They have not hitherto fully sensed that Higher Science,

purely Metaphysical and Transcendental (Cardinary, as contrasted with Ordinary) which is to take up and elaborate and classify the -Itys rejected by them, and the still more Transcendental Ism^, the Domain of which must speedily come to be recognized as the Supreme Domain of Science. This is Trans- cendental Science, constructed out of Pure Abstract Ideas, but to which all observations and classifications of mere facts will be found in the end to be subordinate and amenable. Universology is the only umpire which can settle the relative rank of the Special Sciences. At a certain stage in the development of the Foetus the Liver increases to something like five times its true proportional size, thrusting its immense materioid bulk in the way of claim to being the leading Visceral Organ of the Human Organismus. Perhaps every or- gan in the body sets up in turn to be the chief of the Physiological Eepublic, as every one of the Inferior Interests in Society has done, before the Head and Brain are univer- sally conceded their legitimate Governing or Eegulative Precedence. It is not, however, till this happens that the Harmonious Perfection of Gestation is accomplished, and the child is prepared to be born. It is by analogy with the Liver that the Natural Sciences have claimed for a period the higher rank in the world of Science, than pure Abstract Scien- tism, which, as yet, was not in fact sufficiently developed to maintain its claim, more subtle and difficult of realization ; somewhat as the Anatomy of the Brain offers the severest and as yet the unsolved problem of Physiology. But the true adjustment of relative rank in the Hierarchy of the Sciences, effected by the demonstration and understanding of the Unity of the Sciences, indicates the hour of Intellectual Birth for the Eace, (t. 434.)

A few new terms occur in the Vocabulary not found in the body of this work, but which will serve to facilitate the discussions in question. Of such new terms occurring under the head of -Ism, the most are of the Third Order, those Cardinismal terms, per- taining to the Elaborismus of Ideas, the ab- sence of which in our existing languages, emasculates them, for the purposes of Sciento- Philosophy, (c. 3, t. 226), Fosita-JVegatism for instance. Alwato will furnish less cumber- eome and more euphonious terms. These awkward words are provisional. See Inte- gralism, Cardinism, Universology, Univariety.

VOCABULAKT.

Ivii

ALPHABETIC ARRA.NGEMENT, U.^DER -ISM, OF WORDS HAYmG THAT

EWmG,

{See Introduction to the Vocabulary, p. xli.)

A.

Absolutism ; see Arbitrism.

Abstbact-Concretism, The Principle em- bodied in and symbolized by un wrought Materials, Matters, Stuif.

Abstractism, The Principle of Abstractness ; see Concretism.

Altrcisit, devotion to the well-being of others, and so to the interests of all ; con- trasts with Egoism ; a larger word than Benevolence and perhaps more specific than Philanthropy ; furnishes the adjective Altruistic, which see. — Comte.

Angulism, Tiie Principle in the Constitution and Distribution of All Things, which is embodied in and symbolized by the Angle, or by Angles, the brokenness of Surfaces

. and Lines.

Akimism, 1. The Principle embodied in and symbolized by the Animal or by the Ani- mal Kingdom at large ; 2. Animal Life as distinguished from Vegetable Life.

Anthropism, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by Man or the Human "World. (Gr. Antliropos, Maij.)

Anthropomorphism, contrasts with Cosmism, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by the Anthropoid (the Human Figure or

Form) ; the theological doctrine of the Human Form or human-like Being of God ; the doctrine respecting God that he is in the human form ; extended by Svveden- borg to the Heavens, and Universologically to the Universe, and to each Monad and larger Sphere of Being in the Universe en- tire. (Gr. Anthropos, Man ; Morplte, Form.) (c. 1, 2, t. 895.)

Arbitrism, Autocracy, Supreme Personal Authority, or Individual Willi implying Arbitrary and Irresponsible Power and Control, whether of God, or, in a minor de- gree, of any Euler or Controller; Con- sidered as a Self-Existent and Eternal Principle ; also as presiding in a corre- sponding Scheme of Government or Ad- ministration (characterized by it), in the Universe at large, or in any Minor Domain of Affairs; Self-directing and presiding Will-Power; in Alwato, YA; contrasts with Logicism, which see.

Artism, the Abstract Principle, or the Spirit of Art.

Arto-Concretism ; see Naturo-Concretism, and Concretism.

Cardinism, The Principle embodied in, and 8ymbolizedby,theCardinismus ; by the Car- dinal Series of Number, or by any Cardinal Number or Numbers, (t. 214.) The i^/?^- ing and Reconciliation of things different and even most opposite ; as of the Most Absolute {Simple) Unity, and of, on the other hand, the most Distinctified i)i/fer- «»C€,— reconciled in Univariety or the Om- nimriant Unity (The Higher and Complex Unity) ; as of the Most Implicit Faith in the Underlying Inherency of Truth, Goodness, and Beauty in All Things, the God-Prin- ciple overruling Evil for Good, and of, on the other hand, the most rigid Scepticism of every particular Affirmation or Denial (un- til after Badical Investigation and Co^n-

JTrwifl^ion)— reconciled in that Plastic and accommodating Mentality which embraces and harmonizes the most Extreme Divergencies ; AS OF the Most Devout Wbrshipfulness towards The True Divine, whether con- ceived of as Abstract, or Personal, and of, on the other hand, the BlaiiJcest Atheism, towards many prevalent Uteral and degrad- ing Conceptions of the Being and Nature of God — reconciled in the Sciento- Philosophic and Composite Theology of theNew Catholicity of the Future ; as of the most Devout Self- Abncgation, Consecration, Loyalty and Sub' ordination to all true and accepted Leaders or Chiefs, the full recognition of " the Divine Right of [True] ICrngs,"" and of, on the other hand, the Most Utter Democracy in

Iviii

VOCABULARY.

the SovEEEiGNTT OF THE INDIVIDUAL, — re- conciled iu the Larger Organic and Fantar- chal State-craft of the Future of Humanity ; AS or Conservatism^ and of Radicalism, re- conciled in Orderly, Rapid, and Oinni- variant Peogress ; as of the Complicated Organization and Static Order of the Fro- Bpective Pantarchal Regime of Human Affairs, and the Free Dissentient Individ- uality which shall persistently decline, like the debris at the foot of a mountain, to be included in any consolidated and organized Establishment whatsoever, etc., etc., etc. But Cardinism is still in Preponderance, Statoid, as contrasted with Ordinism, which is Motoid ; see -Ism, Ordinism, Univariety, God, Theology, Universology, Catholic, Catholic Church, (Old, New,) Individuality, (Convergent, Divergent.) (Lat. Cardo, a Hinge.)

CAKDiNORDnrisM, (Cardina-Ordlnism), the composity and mutual interblending of Cardinism and Ordinism.

CiBCLisM, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by the Circle.

CoNCRETisM, The Principle embodied in and signified by the entire Concrete World.

Conservatism, The Principle which tends to Conservation or the Preservation of what- soever is; contrasts with Eadicalism; see Eadicalism and Conservative.

CosMisM, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by The World apart from Man ; (Gr. Cosmos, World) ; see Anthro- pism.

Ctjbe-ism, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by the Cube.

Cltivism, The Principle involved in and symbolized by Curvature or the Curve.

D.

Determinism, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by Determination, or a Scheme of Determinations, or adjustments of Lines directed to different Points of the Heavens.

Deutero-Christianism, The Dominant Prin- ciple of the Deutero- (or Deuto-) Christian Dispensation ; see Deutero-, Prota-, Trito- Christian, (a. 49, t. 204.)

Deutero-Eeligionism, The Governing Prin- ciple of the Second and Transitional Ec- ligious Stage of Development in Human Society, affecting especially this age ; see Deutero-Christian.

Deutero-Societism, The Governing Principle of The Second or Transitional Stage of De- velopment in Human Society, affecting es-

pecially The Present Age ; see Deutero- Christian.

Dia-Magnetism, That form or condition of Magnetism, which causes certain sub- stances, when freely suspended, to take an equatorial position, or one at right angles to the lines of magnetic force.

Dualism, The Doctrine that there are two sources or origins of Being ; contrasts with Monism.

DuisM, One of the Three Fundamental or Primordial Principles of Universology. The Principle in the constitution of All Things which is derived from., and has re- lation to, the Number Two ; the Spirit of Two ; (Latin Duo, Two) ; see Unism, and Trinism, and Universology, (t. 203.)

E.

Eclecticism, The Philosophical Principle or System which elects or selects portions or Aspects of all other Systems, conjoining them into a new or Eclectic System ; differs from Integralism which takes substan- tially the whole of all other Systems, placing and reconciling them and all their parts by virtue of Universological Solutions and Principles.

Egoism, a passionate love of self, leading a man to centre all considerations upon his own personality ; contrasts with Altruism ; see Altruism, under -Ism, and Altru- istic.

Elementism, the Principle embodied in and symbolized by Elements, or the Elementary Domain.

Empiricism, Knowledge, from Experience merely.

Equa-Tnequism, The Conjunction, Marriage and Eeconciliation, or the Mutual Modifi- cation of Equism and Inequism; which see.

Equism, The Principle embodied in and rep- resented by The Equal Numbers, by Par- allel Lines, etc. ; related to Equity, in Morals, (t. 898, 906) ; see Inequism.

ExFEBiENTLiLiSM ; 866 Sensationalism.

VOCABULAKY.

lix

F.

Feminism, The Principle embodied in, and Feactionism, The Principle embodied in,

symbolized by, the Feminismus, or by any and represented by. Fractions, or The

Female Being, or the Analogue of such. Fractional Series of Numbers, (t. 13G.)

Globism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, the Globe, (-Figure.)

H.

Hemcism, or Helix, defined, t. 637.

I.

Idealism, The Philosophy -which evolves all Being from Mind ; see Materialism.

Idiaphbonecism, The Principle of the Idia Phromsis ; which see.

Inclinism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, the Inclined Line or Plane.

Individualism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, the Individual, as con- trasted with the Sociability, Mutuality, or Unity of Society; The Doctrine or Ten- dency which leans towards, or promulgates, that Principle.

Inequa-Equism, The Conjunction, Marriage and Reconciliation or the Mutual Modifica- tion of Inequism and Equi-^m, which see.

Inequism, The Principle embodied in and represented by The Odd Numbers, by Odd or Un-mated Objects or Forms, etc., related to In-iquity in Morals, (t. 898, 902;) see Equism, and Universology.

Ineernalism, The Infernal Principle, the Principle embodied in and symbolized by the Hells.

iNOBGiNisM, The Principle embodied in, and represented by, the Inorganic World.

IirrEGEBA-FBA.CTioiasM, The Principle sym- bolized by the Composity and mutual inter- blending of Whole Numbers and Frac- tions.

Inteoeeism, The Principle embodied in, and represented by, Integers or Whole Num- bers, or by The Integral Series of Num- bers.

Integrism, defined, t. 210.

IsLAMiSM, Mahomctanism.

Integbalism, I. The Universal Philosophy, (accompanying Universology and Pantar-

chism), Universal in a Multiform Sense, as embodying : 1. Natural Philosophy, in the Grand or Comtean meaning of the Term, together with its Metaphysical and Theological Substrata, the Speculative, In- stinctual and Inspirational Basis, the Old Philosophies and the Old Eeligions ; 2. Sci- ekto-Philosophy, the Exactitudes of Uni- versology, generalized, and, 3. Arto-Phil- osophy, or the New and Future Practical Philosophy, the Final and Harmonious Application of Philosophy to the Collective and the Individual Life of Man — culminat- ing in the Religion of the Future. II. In- tegbalism, is the convenient abridged ex- pression fur Omnivariant Integraiism, and also for Pivoto-Integralism (somewhat as Individuality is currently used for Diver- gent Individuality, Trinism for Treism and Tri-Unism, etc.) In this last sense (see Pivoto-Integralism) it means The Cardin- ism of Gai'dinism with Ordinism in Cardin- ordinism ; and of this last (as Integensm), with Fractionism in Integera-Fractionism (as of The Subjective and The Objective antitheticany reflecting each other), and, finally, of all this^ as Positism, ivitJi Ne- gatism, (The Something and the Nothing, as the Equal Factors of Being) in Omniva- riant Integraiism^ centered in and repre- sented &;/ Pivoto-Integralism, Trie Eeigning Unit or Individual or Pivot of any Organis- mus whatsoever. See Cardinism, Ordinism, Cardinordiuism, Integrism, Fractionism, Integera-Fractionism, Pivoto-Integralism, and the following Tabular Piesentation, to be read from below upward.

Ix

VOCABULARY.

OMNIYARIANT INTEGRALISM.

EQUISM

(THE EVEN

KUMBEES.)

(THE ODD

N

POSITISm

(ALL POSITIVE Numbers.)

CARDOISmE ^

I (THE CARDINAL \ INEQUISM INTEGERISM ^ Numbers.)

'(Unism, Duism, Trinism.)

ORDINISH

(THE ORDINAL Numbers.)

PIVOTO-INTEGRALISM,

(THE UJSTIT.)

^FRACTIONISM (The Fractions.) WEOATISMI, «= Zeroism (ZERO.)

Judaism, The Eeligious System of the Jews.

K.

KoiNOLOGiciSM, The Principle of the Koijwa Logos ; which see.

L.

Lnns-isM, The Principle symbolized by The Line or Lines.

LiNiisM ; see Line-ism.

LooioAKBiTEisM, (Logica-Arbitrism), The Composity and Interblending of Logicism and Arbitrism.

LoGicisM, Pure and Transcendental Eation- ALisM ; nationalism rigorously confined and applied to the Inherent and Necessary Lnws of Being ; the Logos of Plato and St.

John (translated " The Word," Oospel of John^ ch. 1, V. 1), considered as a Self- Existent and Eternal Principle ; also as presiding in a corresponding Scheme of Government or Administration character- ized by it, in the Universe at large, or in any Minor Domain of Affairs ; "Wisdom ; the Pure Eeason ; in Alwato, WO ; con- trasts with Arbitrism ; which see.

M.

Masculism, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by the Masculismus, or by any Male Being, or any Analogue of such.

Materialism, The Philosophy which evolves all Being, Mind and Idea included, from

Matter.

VOCABULAEY.

Ixi

Materiism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, Matter, or the Materiismus.

Maximism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, Maxima, The Greatest, or that(those things) which is (or are) Greatest.

Mentism, Tlie Principle embodied in and symbolized by Mind, or the Mentismus.

MiNERisM, (or Muaeralism), The Principle em- bodied in, and symbolized by the Mineral, or the Mineral Kingdom at large; the relative deadness or absence of life of the Inorganic as contrasted with the Organic world.

MiNiMisM, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by. Minima, The Least, or that (or those things) which is (or are) smallest.

MoDULiSM, The Principle of Graceful Va-

riation in Form ; the Principle illustrated by Hogarth's Line of Beauty.

Monism ; defined, c. 1, t. 756.

Monotheism, One-single- God-ismj (Gr. M'u- nos, tSoLE, Single; Tfieos, God.)

MoTisM, The Principle embodied in, and sym- bolized b} , Motion.

MoTooisM, The Principle of a state of being analogous with motion.

Mysticism, Doctrines intuitionally conceived and uusystematically expounded, so as to be mysterious or partially incomprehen- sible, called by Weehniakoff, " Lyrical Philosophy," and defined as '' the special mode of philosophizing apropos of subjects which escape from a rigorous scientific com- prehension."

N.

Natitrism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, Nature ; crude, imperfect, aggregative ; analogous with Affection, Natural Tendency, or "Human Nature," in respect to the Mind; the Abstract Principle, or the Spirit, of Nature ; see Nature.

Naturo-Abstractism ; see Abstract-Con- cretism.

Negatism, The Principle embodied in, and

symbolized by, Zero, as contrasted with All Positive Numbers, = Nothing; see Zero- ism, Positism.

Nihilism, The philosophical doctrine which reduces everything to non-entity.

Nonsubstantialism ; see Nihilism.

NuMEBisM, The Principle embodied, in and symbolized by. Number.

Nuptialism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by. Marriage.

Optimism, 1. The Doctrine that every thing in Nature is arranged for the best ; 2. That in Heaven supreme and unalloyed good will be fully realized ; see Pessimism.

Obdinism, The Principle embodied in, and sjTnbolized by, the Ordinal Series of Num-

bers ; that which reigns in the Ordinis-

mus ; see under -Ismtjs, (t. 155, 214.) Organism, properly the Principle indwelling

within any Organismus, (c. 4, t. 43.) Ovism, The Principle symbolized by the Egg,

and especially by the Egg-Figure or -Shape.

Pantheism, The Doctrine that the Universe is God ; or that God exists only in the Universe as its indwelling Spirit and Power, (Gr. Pan, All ; Tkeos, God.)

Pantophronecism, The Composity and Har- mony of I<;liaphronicism and Koinologi- cism.

Pabtialism, one-sided doctrine or view; see Simplism.

Particulism, The Principle embodied in,

and symbolized by, the least Particles or

Atoms of Being. Partism, The Principle embodied in, and

symbolized by, the Parts of the Integer or

Whole. Perpendiculism, The Principle embodied in,

and represented by, the Perpendicular

Line or Direction.

Ixii

VOCABULARY.

Pessimism, 1. The Doctrine or Opinion that every thing in the World is bad, or the worst that can be ; 2. That in Hell Supreme and UnaUoyed Evil and Suffering exist; see Optimism.

Philosophism, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by Philosophy.

Pivoto-1:ntegbalism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, the Numerical In- teger, or Unit, considered, on the one hand, as the Summation of an Infinity of its own Component Fractions, beneath (or of lower value than) and wjthin itself, and, on the other hand, as the Primitive Monad or Central Atom above which arises an In- finite Series of Integers or Whole Numbers, HiGHEB (in value than), outside of, and be- yond this Primitive Integer, whence there- fore, it is Pivotal, or fills a cardinating or Tiinge-wise function between an Internal Universe of Fractional Numbers and their Re- lations and a similar External Universe of Whole Numbers {%. 841, 842), these two Uni- verses standing apex to apex, in Antithetical Eeflection to each other, (t. 382. ) The Point repeats tlie Unit; the Atom repeats the Point; The Individual Man repeats the Atom. Each person is thus Pivoto-Inte- gral, or cardinated between The Universe without and an answering Universe within — Antithetically Rt^/lecting each other. So of the Atom. Hence arLse important Analo- gical relations with Microscopy, " Pan- genesis," " Homeopathic Attenuations," ^t. 1078), etc. ; see Universology.

Pluralism, The Prmciple of the Pluralis- mus.

Polytheism, The Belief in a Plurality of Gods. (Gr. Polhis^ Many ; Tlieos, God.)

Posita-Negatism, The composity and car- dinated reconciliation of Positism and Ne- gatism, which see.

Positism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, all Positive Numbers aa contrasted with Zero — Nothing.

Positivism, The name chosen by Augusta Comte for his system of Philosophy and Eeligion, founded on Positive Science.

Pbesentationism ; see Eeal Presentation- ism.

Pbimism, The Ordinal aspect of Unism.

Proto-Cheistianism, The Govei'niiig Prin- ciple of the First Christian Dispensation ; — Affectional, related to "Feeling," in Me- taphysics. (Gr. Protos, First) ; see Deu- tero-, Proto-, Trito-, Christian.

Proto-Eeligionism, The Governing Prin- ciple of the First or Primitive Religious Development of Human Society ; see Proto- Christianism.

Pboto-Societism, The Governing Principle of The First or Primitive Grand Develop- ment of Society, extending up to The Pre- sent Age ; see Proto-Christianism.

PuNCTisM, The Principle symbolized by Point or Points.

Pybamidism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, the Pyramid or Pyra- midal Form.

Q.

QuAETisM ; see Unism.

QunmsM ; see Unism.

R.

Radicalism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, Eoot or Eoots ; thorough- ness; that which goes to the bottom of things ; destructive, subversive ; see Con- servatism.

Eationalism, The doctrine in Eeligion, and elsev/here, which subordinates Faith to Eeason ; which reduces every belief to a rational basis, and rejects what cannot be BO resolved.

Ebalism, The Philosophical Doctrine which accepts the testimony of the senses in re- spect to the External World, as reliable.

Eeal Presentationism, The doctrine that in perceiving the external world, the mind and the object perceived are in actual presence, or unite without the interven- tion of any filmy representative idea, (t. 415-419.)

Eectiliniism, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by the Eight Line; see Eectism.

Eectism, The Principle involved in and sym- bolized by Straightness.

Eotundism, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by Eoundness,

VOCABULAKr.

S.

Ixiii

SciENTisM, the Abstract Principle or tli3 Spirit of Science ; The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, Science.

SciENTO-ABSTRACTisii ; See Abstractism.

Secondism, the Ordinal Aspect of Daism.

Sectorism, The Principle embodied in, and represented by, the division of a circle called a Sector.

Segmextism, The Principle embodied in, and represented by, the section of a circle called a Segment.

Sensationalism, The Pliilosophicid Doctrine which refers all Knowledge to Sensation ; related to Materialism and Experientialism ; contrasts with Idealism and Transcendent- alism.

Sesquism, An Intermediate Cardinating Prin- ciple between Unism and Duism, (Lat. ses-

qui, ONE AND A HALF.)

Simplism, the simplistic aspect of any subject, one-sidedness, insufficiency of view; a state of mind corresponding with such a view, (t. 436.)

SiNGLisM ; see Singnlism.

f iNGULisM, the Principle of the Singulismus ; a gross and general aspect of Unism ; con- trasted with Pluralism, as Unism with Duism.

SoLiDiSM, an arrangement of solid matter, as of the volume or tome ; see Surfocism ; The Principle symbolized by Solid or So- lids.

SpiEALisM or Spiral, defined, t. 637.

Spa-ci -Tempism, the com posity and mutual interblending of The Principle symbolized by Space and that symbolized by Time.

Spiritism, The Doctrine which resolves Spirit into Attenuated Matter.

Spiritualism, The Doctrine which makes Spirit to be a something distinct from Matter, (t. 61.)

Square-ism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, the Square.

Stata-Motism, the composity and mutual in- terblending of Statism and Motism.

Statism, The Principle of Station or Eest; the Spirit of the Stutismus; see -Ismus.

Sub stan-ce-ism. The Principle embodied in, and symbohzed by. Substance as contrasted with Morphism, the Abstract Principle of Form.

Subtranscendentalism, Transcendentalism in the sense of Ultra-radicalism, Ultran- alysis in the downward or root- wise direction, seeking Absolute Scientific Foun- dations. See Ultranalytical, Transcen- dental.

SuPERNALisM, The Celestial Principle ; (Lat. Snpernus, above.)

SuRFAOisM, Tiie Principle embodied in, and symboiizad by, Surface ; an arrangement of surfaces, as of piges and leaves in a book ; properly, Surfaceat'wn^ (t. 923.)

Syllogism, a form of reasoning, or argu- ment, consisting of three propositions, of which the two first are called the premises, and the last the conclusion. In this ar- gument, the conclusion necessarlhj follow-i from the premises; so that if the two fir.>t prepositions are true, the conclu.sion must be true, and the argument amounts to de- monstration. Thus,

A plant has not the power of locomotion ; An oak is a plant ;

Therefore an oak has not the power of loco- motion. The.se propositions are denominated the major ^ the tninor, and the conclusion. (Gr. sun, with, and leffo, to speak ; logizomai, to think. ( Webster.)

Symbolism, The Principle involved in the use of Symbols, or figurative signs ; Tlio Principle of Free-Masonry, characterized as the Instinctual Stage of the Eeligion OF Science, and of tlie Scienle of Morals, (t. 905.)

Tempism, The Principle symbolized by Time. Tertiism, The Ordinal Aspect of Trinism. Tran.-cendentalism, in Philosophy and in

t Science ; the assumption of a higher, and more ideal, and consequently of a more ex- tended and conspectual point of view.

from which to look down upon the facts ; that form of Speculation which achieves or professes to achieve this. "The Higher Law," transcending the " First Blnsh" or Ordinary Style of Opinion. In Science, it is that character of Science which is logi-

Ixiv

VOCABULARY.

cally deduced from a priori and necessary Principles ; which does not, tberet'ore, rei?t oil tiie mere accumulatiou and classifi- cation of Observed Facts. In America " The Coustittitioual Lawyer," who reasons from the Established Principles of tb.e Constitution, and from the Higher Law of the General Government as overruling all adverse Special Statutory Law, and State Laws in conflict with the Constitution, illustrates, in the domain of jurisprudence, the idea of Transcendentalism in Philos- ophy and Science. (Lat. tram, over, be- YOXD ; sca7ido, to mount, to get up.)

Treism, the minor aspect of Trinism, in which it is contrasted with and excludes Unism and Duism.

Tre-Unism ; see Tri-Unism.

Trinism, One of the Three Fundamental or Primordial Principles of Universology. The Principle in the Constitution of All Things which is derived from, and has re- lation to, the Number Three ; The Spirit of Three ; (Lat. Tres, Three) ; see Unism and Duism, t. 203 ; the inditferent or in- clusive term for Treism and Tri-unism ; see Treism, Tri-unism, and Trinis^ma.

Trito-Christianism, Tlie Dominant Principle of Tije Tnto-Uiiristianismus ; the Partial licaction from Crude Rationalism, soon to coiiie in the Future ; The Harmony to re- sult from the reconciliation of Faith and Ecason. See Proto-, Deutero-, Trito- Chris- tian.

Teito Eeligionism, The Principle to reign iu the Religious Constitution of Society in The Harmonic Future ; The New Catholi- cism ; see Proto-, Deutero.

Trito-Societism, High Social Harmony ; The Governing Principle of The Third or Ul- terior Stage of the Development of Human Society, to result from the ilarriagc of Science and Religion; see Proco-, Deu- tero-.

Tri-Dntsm, The Congeriated or Univarlauti Unity of Unism, Dussm, and Trinism, as if tliey were merely branches of this one Higher and Compound Principle ; the composite aspect of Trinism, as resting upon the abstract principles, Unism and Duism, subsuming and including them, as aspects merely of its own larger Unity ; see Treism and Trinism, (t. 203.)

V.

Unism, One of the Three Fundamental or Primordial Principles of Universology. See Duism and Trinism. The Principle in the Constitution of all Things which is derived from, and has relatioti to, the Number One; The Spirit of One; (Latin Unus, One), as Duism from Latin Duo, Two, and Trinism from Latin Tres, Three. Quart- ism, Quintism, Ilexism and Heptism (or Septism) are other and secondary Principles ill the Universal Order of Evolution, re- lated to the Numbers, Four, (Latin Qua-

tuor), Five, (Latin Quinque), Six, (Greek Hex), and Seven, (Greek Hepta, Latin Sep- tem), respectively, less basic, simple and inclusive than the three first named, (t. 203.)

Unipunctism, One-Point-ism, The Principle symbolized by the Single Point.

Universism, The Principle embodied in and symbolized by the Totality of the Universe ; The composity and interblendiug of Cos- mism and Anthropism.

w.

"Wedgism, The Principle of the "Wedge — Mechanical ; a compound instance merely of Inclinism, to which one Aspect of Form and JFbsture Uaiversolog;/ reduces, by TTl- tran-alysis, all the Mechanical Poviers, The Lever, the Inclined Plane, the "Wedge, etc. It (Inclinism) is the Antithet of Proto-

dimensionality which consists of Levels and The Perpendicular ; it is synonymous, therefore, with Interprodimensionality. It is related to u as contrasted to o (see Uni- versology under -Ology), and hence to Movement.

Zeroism, The Principle embodied in, and symbolized by, Zero = Nothing. See Negatism.

VOCABULARY.

Ixv

RESUME and RESTATEMENT,

In part, of the Teclinical Terms occurring in this Volume, ending in

-ISM, re-arranged under the Heads of UNISM, DUISM, and

TRINISM, respectively. {THnismal Ideas are a

Summation and higher Resultant of

UNISM and DUISM.)

1. Unismal.

(The Good. UNISM, (t. 203, p

(Integrism.)

(Synstasis.)

(Unity.) Pbimism. Inequism. Ordinism. Integekism.

143.)

3. Trinismal.

(The Beautiful.) TRINISM, (Cardinism.)

(Integration.)

(Synthesis.)

(Uni variety — Harmony.) Tebtiism, (Ordinism.) Equa-Inequism. Cabdin(a>0bdini8M. Feactio n'a-Integebism.

(The Tbue.) DUISM.

(Differentiation.) (Analysis.) (Variety.) Secondism. Equism. Cabdinism. Taetism, Feactionism, (Par-

ticulism.) Kegatism. Vegetism. (Eecti)linii8M. Eectism. Cubism. Masculism. Statism. Spao-ism.

Sciento-Abstbactism. Abstbactism. Scientist. Akthbopxsm. logicism.

Transcendentalism. 1

Mentism. Idealism. Secundo-,

cietism. Secundo-,

ligionism.

ical.) Secundo-, or DEUT-

(ER)0-CHRISTIA]V.

ISM. (Transitional.)

KoiNOLOGICISM.

Present. Centre.

Note :— For a condensed Abstract and Ee-Statement of The Consummation of these Tiigrade Scales of Idea, see the following page (Ixvi.)

5

PosmsM.

MiNERISM.

Punctism.

eotundism.

Globism.

Feminism (Infanta-).

MOTISM.

Temfism.

( Naturo-Abstractism.

I Abstract-Concretism. Natubism.

COSMISM.

Arbitbism. f Experientialism.

(Sensationalism. Matebialism. Pboto-Societism.

Pboto-Eeligionism. {Afectianal, Faith-giving

Pboto-Chbistianism.

Idiaphbonecism.

Past.

Cibcumeebence.

J

Neoata-Positism. Animism.

CUBVISM, ClBCLISM. MODULISM.

OvisM, (Egg Shape.)

nuptialism.

Stata-Motism.

Spaci(a)-Tempism.

(Aeto)-Conceetism. 1

Conceetism. i

Aetism.

Univeesism.

Looicabbitbism.

INTEGRALISM.

or Deut(ee)o-So- TBrro-SooiBTiSM.

or Deut(ee)o-Eb- (SationaZ, Crit-

Teito-Eeligionism.

(Composite.)

Teito-Cheistianism.

Panto-Phbonecism. Future. Eadius Vectob.

Ixvi

VOCABBLAEr.

FINAL RESUME OF RELATED IDEAS. (See p. Ixv.)

TEMPIC SUBDIVISION.

1. Uni&mal. 2. Duismal. 3. THnismal.

THE PAST. THE PRESENT. THE FUTURE.

(ANTIQUITY.) (MODERN OR RECENT TIMES.)

1. Vhismal. REMOTENESS.

2.

SPACIC SUBDIVISION.

2. Duisrrml. 3. THnismal.

PROXIMITY. THE NEW DEPARTURE.

3.

(Pivoto-) Tri-Unismal.

SPACI-TEMPIC CONJUNCTION;

INSTAl^TIAEITY— THE VIVID INSTAIVT;

THE PRESENT AGE;

THE GRAND CRISIS,

HEEE AKD NOW.

-ISMAL.

-IsMAL, The Adjective Termination from denoted by the corresponding ending -Ism. the Substantive Termination -Ism ; that which (c. 1-14, t. 43) ; see -Ism. concerns or relates to the Abstract Principle

t Alphabetic Aebangemext, under -Ismal, of Words eitdino in -Ismal.

A.

Analttismal, relating to Analysis as the Abbitbismal, relating to Arbitrism ; (which) higher branch of Mathematics and its see (under) -Ism; (as also -Ism.) Analogues ; and to Analysis generally. Aetismal, relating to Artism ; see -Ism.

c.

Cabdinismal, relating to Cardinism ; see -Ism.

VOCABULARY. IXVU

D.

DmsMAL, relating to the Principle of Duism ; see -Ism.

E.

Equismal, relating to Equism ; see -Ism ; and to Mathematical Equatj^n ; see In- Ecen, Just, True; relating to Moral and equismal. Commercial Equity, to the Even Numbers,

F.

FEMiiasMAL, relating to Feminism ; see -Ism.

I.

Inequismal, relating to Inequism ; see -Ism ; cial ; to the Odd Numbers, and to Math- Odd^ Uneven^ not True ; related to In- ematical Eatio or Proportion ; see Equis- equity, (Iniquity), moral or commer- mal.

L.

LiNiisMAL, relating to Liniism ; see Ism. Loqicismal, relating to Logicism ; see -Ism.

M.

Masculismal, relating to Masculism ; see Mentismal, relating to Mentism ; see -Ism.

-Ism. Mokphismal, relating to Morphism, the

Materiismal, relating to Materiism ; see Principle of Form.

-Ism.

N.

Natubismal, relating to Naturism ; see -Ism. Numeeismal, relating to Numerism ; see -Ism.

o.

Orqanismal, relating to Organism as a Principle ; see -Ism.

s.

SoiENTiSMAL, relating to Scientism ; see -Ism.

T.

Trinismal, relating to the Principle of Tbinism ; see -Ism.

u.

Ukismal, relating to the Principle of Unism ; see -Ism.

V.

ViscERisMAL, relating to Viscerism ; see -Ism.

Ixviii VOCABULARY.

-ISMIC.

-IsMio, a Termination or Ending derived -Ismal, and c. 1-14, t. 43; relating to the from -Ismus, and which holds the same re- Kcalm or Domain named by the stem of the lation to it that -IsMAii holds to -Ism; see -word.

Alphabetio Arrangement, under -Ismic, of Words endino in -Ismio.

A.

Abtismio, (adjOi relating to the Artismus, or the Domain governed by Artism ; see -Ismls.

c.

Cabdinismio, relating to the Cardinismus, or the Domain governed by Cardinism ; see -Ismxjs.

D.

DuiSMio, relating to the Duismus, or the Domain governed by Duism ; see -Tsmus.

N.

Natubismio, relating to the Naturismus, or the Domain governed by Naturism ; see -Ismus.

o.

Okganismio, relating to any Organismus or Organized Domain ; see -Ismus.

s.

SciENTisMio, relating to the Scientismns, or the Domain governed by Scientism ; see -Ismus.

T.

Trinismio, relating to the Trinismus or the Domain governed by Trinism ; see -Ismus.

u.

Unismic, relating to the Unismns or the Domain governed by Unism ,• see -Ismus.

V.

VisoERiSMio, relating to the visceral Domain, the Visccrismus ; see -Ismus.

VOCABULARY.

Ixix

-ISMUS (plural -ISMI.)

-TsMUS, a Termination or Ending whicli de- notes a Realm or Domain of the kind in- dicated by the Stem of the Word, and within or over which Domain presides the cor- responding Principle signified by the termi-

nation -Ism applied to the same Word-Stem, (c. 1-14, t' 43.) A term in -Ismax, -Ismio or -IsMUS may he formed, in every case, froui the corresponding term in -Ism.

ALPHABETIC ARRANGEMENT, ODER -ISMUS, OF WORDS HAVmG THAI ENDING.

A.

Abstbaot-Concretismus, The Domain of the Abstract-Concrete Sciences, Spencer.

Abstractismus, Tiie Abstract ; The Domain of Abstract Ideas ; contrasts with Cou- cretismus ; see Abstract, The.

Adjectivismus, The Domain of Adjectives, Predicates, or Attributes, in Grammar, and of those Aspects, Reflects or Phenomena, in Nature, which are analogous therewith ; see Substanlivlsmus.

Adultismus, Ttie Adult Age as of the In-

dividual or of Society, with the whole assemblage of related facts and condi- tions,

AifALOGicisMus, The Domain of Analogic.

Aebitrismus, The Domain of Affairs in which Arbitrism prevails ; allied with The Proto- Societismus; see Arbitrism under -Ism, and Proto-Societismus, under -Ismits.

Artismus, The Domain of Artism, allied with Tiie Trito-Societismus ; see Artism under -Ism.

Cardinismtjs, any hinge- wise apparatus what- ever ; The Domain of Cardinality, or,, es- pecially, The Grand Iling'-wise Arrange- ment of the Four Cardinal Points, {plus the Zenith and Nadir), in the Grand Stationary Globe, or under The Grand Sta- tionary Dome of Space ; contrasts with Or- dinismus ; relates to " Extension " and So- lidarity, as the Ordinismua to Protension and " Contmuity," (t. 670-671.)

Catalogicismus, The Domain of Catalo-

gic. CoKDiTioNiSMUS, The Domain of Conditions

or Limitations ; The Conditioned, contrasted

with the Unconditioned. CoNORETisMus, The Concrete World^ The

Domain of Concretism ; or of The Concrete

Sciences, Spencer ; see Concretism, under

-Ism.

D.

DETERMiisasMus, The Determinate Domain within any Domain ; as of " Definite Pro- portions " in Chemistry ; (t. 332) ; see In- determinismus.

DEin'CER)o-CHRisTiANisMus ; scc Deutero-So- cietism and Deutero-Christianism, under -TsM.

DErT(EB)o-RELiGiONiSMU9 ; scc Dcutero-So- cietismus and Deutero-Religionism, under -Ism.

DEUT(ER)o-SociETisMrs TlicFccond, or Scien- tic (Grand) Stage or Period of the Develop- ment of Collective Humanity or Society; Short ; Transitional ; The Present Age ; The Duismus, Secondlsmvs,' or Scientlsmus

of Society, Critical, Destmctive, but in- cipiently Reconstructive ; see Proto-, Deu- tero-, Trito-Societism ; (t. 423.) Duismtts, The Domain of Differentiations and Interrelationships; the Net-work of Laws and Relations underlying the ex- ternal mass of Objects, Facts, and Pheno- mena, in all Spheres of Being ; that Realm or Domain in the Constitution of Being, whether of the Universe at large, or of any minor department or Sphere, or of any sincrle object or idea whatsoever, in which The Principle of DuisM governs, predomi- nates, or especially abounds ; see Duism, under -Ism.

Ixx

YOCABULAKT.

E.

Zlaborismts, Tiie higher, and more properly constituted Department of any Orgauis- mus, as the Etymology and Syntax of Grammar or Language, contrasted with the Lower Domain (subtranscendental, scientifically the Higher Domain) of Pho- netic Elements ; see Elementismus.

Elementismus, The lower Analytical and Eiemeutary Domain of any Organismus, as

the Phonetic Elements, by Analysis, of Language ; see Elaborismus. Equismus, Tlie Domain of ideas and objects, or things Equaled, made Equal, Level, or Even, with each other, or with some object with which they are mutually compared ; symbolized by the Even Nuaibebs in the Numerical Series (t. 703) ; soe luequismus, Equismal, Inequismal.

F.

rEiirsriSMtrs, The Domain of Female Beings, and of tlieir Analogues in the laorganio V/orld, and in Ideal Spheres.

rK.vcTioNisMtJ8, The Domain of the Fractions ia JS^umcrical Series and of all the Interior

and Subjective Conditions and Eelations of Being, analogous with Fractions within the Body of the Unit ; contrasts with Integer- ismus. See Fractionism, under -Ism, and Subjectivismus, under -Ismus.

IiTDETERMiiasMUS, The Indeterminate Do- main within any Domain, as that of Amal- gams and Mixtures in Chemistry ; (t. 332.) See Determinismus.

Inequismus, The Domain of ideas and objects or things wliich are Single or Singular ; Odd, Eccentric or Unpaired; Individual or Unrelated, sj'mbolized by the Odd Num- bers in the Numerical Series, (t. 703) ; see Equismus, Equismal, Inequismal.

In-organismus, The Domain of Unorganized Things, Tiie Inorganic World and its Ana- logues in major and minor domains ; see Organismus.

Integerismus, The Domain of the Integers or Whole Numbers in Number, and of all Exterior and Objective Conditions and Ee- lations of Being analogous with the Eo- lations of the Unit Avith other Units in a sum of Integers ; contrasts with Fraction- ismus. See Integerism, under -Ism, and Objectivismus, under -TsMxrs.

Integralismus, The Domain of Integrality, allied with Integerism, but including also Pivoto-Integralism, and in Subdominanoe Fractionism, as the Whole includes the Parts. See Integralism, under -Ism.

LI^^lSMTJ8, Tliat department of Form which is constituted of Lines; see Punctis- mus.

LoGiciSMTTS, The Domain of Affairs in which Logicism prevails; see Logicism, under

M.

Masculismus, Tlie Domain of Male Being?, and of tlieir Analogues in the Inorganic W(irld and in Ideal Spheres.

Materhsmus, The Domain of Matter.

^Tentismus The Domain of Mind. MoBPHisMus, The Domain of Form; contrasts with Substan-ce-ismus (or Substanciismus). MoTiSMUs, The Domain of Motion.

VOCABULAKY.

Ixxi

N.

Naturismus, The Domain of Nature ; the Jtieulm or Domain of Being in which Nature or Naturism prevails ; the Crude Unde- veloped, Primitive Condition of Being, and

the portions of Being -which are in such Conditions ; see Naturism, under -Ism. NuMEEisaius, The Domain of Number.

o.

Objectivismus, The Objective Domain of Be- ing; Exterior Outward-lying, counterpart- ing the world within (the Mind) ; see Sub- jectivismus aud Integerismus.

Ordinismus, any concatenated or chain-like ajjparatus ; The Domain of Periodicity and Eventuation in Time; the Continuity and Succession of Phenomena; stages of de- veloprnent, epochs, eras, dispensations, dy- nasties, generations of men ; and new Crea- tions of all sorts in the Universe at large and in special Spheres; contrasts with

The Cardinismus ; relates to Protension aud "Continuity" as the Cardinismus to Ex- tension aud " Solidarity," (t. 670, 671.) Oeganismus, The Domain of Organized Be- ings ; Tiie Organic World, and its Ana- logues in Major or Minor Domains ; any Be- ing or Apparatus of Life organized in mutual dependence and co-operation of parts (ordinarily called heretofore, in Eng- lish, an Organism). (Lat. organum, Gr. or- ganon^ an Organ, with the termination -IsMUS for Do7nain.)

Pluralismts, a Domain in which Plurality or Diversity prevails.

Pneumatismus, The Spirit-World ; The Do- main of Spirits in the Universe at large, or the Analogous Part of any Smaller Domain. (Gr. Pneuma^ Spirit.)

pRiMAnsMTJS, The Domain of Incipieucy or Primals ; see Ultiraatismus.

Primismds, The Domain of Primism; see Primism, under -Ism.

Proto-Christianismits ; see Proto-Societis- mus, lander -Ismus, and Proto-Christianism, under -Ism.

Proto-Eeliqionismus ; see Proto-Societis-

mus, under -Ismus, and Proto-Eeligionism, under -Ism.

Proto-Societismus, The First, Crude (Grand) Stage or Period of the Development of Collective Humanity or Society, extending from the Beginning up to Tlie Present age ; The Unismus, Primitimus, or Naturismus of Society ; predominantly under tiie gov- ernment of Physical Force. See Proto-, Deutero-, Trito-Societism, (t. 428.)

PuNOTiSMus, The Lowest Department of Form, constituted from mere Points; see Index.

s.

SciENTisMus, The Scientific'" Domain; The Domain of Scientism ; any Sphere in which Exactitudes, Equations, and Eectism pre- vail ; as among Crystals in the Mineral World. See Scientism, under -Ism.

SixGULiSMUS, The Domain in which Single- ness or Unity prevails.

Statismus, The Domain of Station, Quies- cence, or Eest.

SuBjECTivisMus, The World within the Mind ; see Objectivismus, and Fractionismus.

Sub-Naturismus, that which is beneath and beyond the Naturismus ; Meta-physical ;

(Lat. Svb, UNDER.)

SuBSTAN-CE-isMus, The Domain of Substance ; contrasis with Morphismus.

SuBsTANTisMus, The Domain of Things or Real Objects, to which the term Substan- tive applies in Grammar, or ;

SuBSTANTivisMUS, The Domain of Substan- tives, the Grammatical Names of Objects or Things ; see Adjectivismus.

Ixxii

Y0CAi3ULAIiy.

Technismts, Tlie Domain of Teclmical Terms.

Tebtusmus, The Domain of Tertiism; see Tertiism, under -Ism.

Tbinismcs, The Domain of Composity, Ela- borations, and Completeness; of Art, Grace- fulness, and Grace ; that Eealm or Domain in the constitution of Being, whether of the Universe at large, or of any minor depart- ment or sphere, or of any single object or idea whatsoever, in which The Princmle of Teinism governs, predominates or abounds ; see Tbinism, under -Ism.

TEiTO-CniiisTiA^asMus , see Trito-Societis- inus, aud Tiitu-Christiauism, under -Ism.

TBiTO-IiELiGiONisiius ; scc Tnto-Societisuius, and Trito-lieiigiouism, under -Ism.

TKiTO-SociETisiius, Tiie Third, Final, or Ul- terior and rcrfected (Grand) Stnge or Period of the Development of Collective Humanity or Society, beginning iviih the Present Age and extending into tlie Future. The Trinismus, Tertiismus, or Abtismus of Society ; The Age of Graciousness, Grace- fulness, and Grace. See Froto-, Deutero-, Trito-Societism. (t. 4:26.)

u.

Ultimatismus, The Domain of Finalities or

Ultimates ; see Primulismus. Unismus, The Domain of the Unit or of

Units, (Objects, Facts, and Phenomena) ;

as the Entities, apart from the Element of

Eelation, of which any Orrr^mismus is com- p. 485, 487 ; that Eealm or Domain

in the constitution of Being, whether of the Universe at large, or of any minor de- piu-tment or sphere, or of any single object or idea whatsoever, in which The Principle of Unism governs, predominates, or es- pecial iy abounds; see Unism, under -Ism, (r. 761-766.)

Y.

ViscEEiSMiTS, The Domain of the Viscera, or of the Principle of Viscerism, or of Interior

Vitality, of The Vitals; see under -Ism.

Viscerism,

Judaism, see -Ism.

K.

Kaltjnkeb, Term applied by the Hindoos to the expected future and final incarnation of Vishnu.

Kantean, relating to the Philosophy of Kant.

Ket, a figured notation to indicate a par- ticular division or department of Science or of Afiairs.

Know, to, (in an especial sense, as related to the Intellect, and its perfect demonstra- tions;) 2b cognize exactly or demonstra^ tively.

Knowing, The Second Grand Department of Mind (DuisAal) in the Metaphysical Dis- tribution of the Mind ; Intellectual, Tiiought- ful; contrasts with Feeling (Uuismal), and with Conation, Will and Desire (Trinismal). Knowing, as a Department of the Mind, is the Intellectual or Eational Faculty.

KoiNO-I-OGicisM ; see -Ism.

KoiNOS Logos, (Greek), The Common Eeason ; that wherein all men agree, or mast agree ; coutrasta with Idea-Phronesls.

VOCABULAKY.

Ixxiii

L;

La Morale, Comte ; Ethics and Anthro- pology.

Language, The New Uuiversul Scientific ; see Alwato, Tikiwa, -Ism, Universology, and Index, words Language, Alwato, Tikiwa.

Law of the Series, the Grand Law of Universal Classification and Distribution ; Loi Seriaire, Fourier ; Loi SerieUe, Proudhon.

Law(s), 1. An arbitrary edict from any authority competent to enforce obedience, as the Laws of a Country, or, even, the Laws of God as understood in Arbitrism:il Theology.

2. Generalizations from Induction, or the Kational and Formulized general Inferences from observed Facts ; as the"Laws of Nature^'''' or Laws in the meaning of the Pliysicists ;

3. The Necessary and Dliiversal Regulative Conditions of Being; The Formulized Ex- pressions of The General Instances of Tlie In- HEBEjfT Necessity underlying all Being. This is the highest or Transcendental mean- ing of the term Law; (as herein established.)

Levities, light things.

Limitation, intervening Line, Limit, or Eelation.

Linea-Basio, that which lies or rests upon a Line as basis or foundation.

LiNEATioN, the drawing or maldug of lines ; an arrangement or congeries of lines.

LiNE-isM ; see -Ism.

Lingual, (adj.), related to Tongue, Lan-

guage, or Speech. (Latin Li/ngua, Tub Tongue.)

LiNiisM ; see -Ism.

LiNiisMAL ; see -Ismal.

LiNiisMus; see-lsMus.

Logical Order, the Order of Procedure from Science to Nature, from Man to the World, from Keflection to Sensation, from Head and Chest to Pelvis and Feet, from Within to Without, from Truths or Prin- ciples and Laws to Facts or Phenomena.

LOGICABBITRISM ; See -IsM.

LoGicisM ; see -Ism.

LoGicisMAL ; see -J smal.

Logicismology ; see -Ology.

LoGiciBMus ; see -Ismus.

Logos, the Greek word translated ' Word ' in the 1st chapter of John's Gospel; the spoken word or discourse, and also Eeason as underlying and being the soul of speech ; see Logicism, under -Ism.

-Logy ; see -Ology.

" Love," as used by Swedenborg, is the whole Attractional and Kepulsioual Sphere of the Mind ; hence it includes its Opposite, Ha- tred or Hate; equal substantially to the "Feel- ing" of the Metaphysicians, and the "Affec- tion " of Comte ; contrasted with Wisdom, the " Knowing"-Department of Mind, the two uniting in " Operation " = Conation. See Wisdom.

M.

Macrocosm, the Great world; the outer and general world. (Gr. Makros, Great ; Cosmos, World). See Microcosm.

Macro-Cosmology ; see -Ology.

Macro-Mineralogy; see -Ology.

Macro-Physiology ; see -Ology.

Masculism; see -Ism.

Masculismal ; see -Ismal.

Masculismus ; see -Ismus.

Masculoid ; see -Oid.

Masculoidal ; t^ee -Oid.

M AssoLOGY ; see -Ology.

Materialism; see -Ism.

Materiism ; see -Ism.

Materiismal; see -Ismal.

Materiismcs; see -Ismus.

Materioid ; see -Oid.

Materiology ; see -Ology.

Mathematico-Logioal, exact; The exac- titude of Mathematics rests on a Logical Basis lower, and more fundamental, than mere Number.

Mathesis, (Greek), learning, particularly Mathematics ; used by Oken, for the entire Mathematical Domain.

Matrix, the womb; any container; the medium in which anything is contained and from which it derives its support.

Matteroid ; see -Oid.

Maxima, (Latin, pi. of maximum), the high- est or supreme numbers or things.

Maximal, that which relates to what is greatest, or most.

Maximism ; see -Ism.

Maximum, (Latin), highest point, largest amount.

Ixxiv

VOCABULAUY.

Me, I, myself, contrasted with Not-me, as The Subject with The Object.

Mechanology ; see -Ologt.

Median Line, (Mediauisui), of the Human Body ; the line wliich would cut the body into two equal halves on the right and left.

Medium, (Latin, pi. Mediums, or less appropriately ia English Media ;) an inter- mediate or interposed object or personal communicator.

Mentation, the use of the mind in any of itr« functions. Thinking, Feeling or Knowing ; any operation whatsoever of the mind, whether Intellectual or Emotional, or of the Will or Desire. We have been heretofore without any word having this necessary large- ness of meaning, every word relating to the operations of the mind being confined to Bome one department of the mind.

Mentism ; see -Ism.

Mentis MAL ; see -Ismal.

Mentismus ; see -Ismus.

Mentoid ; see -Oid.

Mentology ; see -Ologt.

Mesotes, (Greek), the Golden Mean, — So- crates.

Mesothet, whatever is interposited and mediatorial ; what comes between. (Gr. wie- 808, middle, and tithemi, to put.)

Messianism, the Philosophy of Hoene Wronski, " The Absolute Reform of Human Knowledge ;" the general doctrine of a Su- preme Eepresentative Man, to come in some age and reign as a God over all Human Affairs.

Metacarpus, the part of the skeleton of the hand comprised between the carpus and the fingers.

Metaphysio ; see Index, word Metaphysics.

Metaphysico-Xumerical, relating to the Metaphysics of Number or of the Mathema- tics ; Logico-Matheraatical.

Meteorology ; see -Ology.

Method, a term applied, in respect to Sci- ence, to the special mode in which scientific truth is discovered or investigated ; con- trasted with the System of Truth itself, which is Trie Science.

Microcosm, The Little world, the world within the Individual. (Gr. Mikros, small ; Cosmos, World.) See Macrocosm. MicroCosmology; see -Ology. Micro-Mineralogy; see -Ology. Micro-Physiology ; see -Ologt. MiKTON, defined, a. 20, t. 204.

Millennium, literally a thousand years ; the age of final Harmony in human affairs, or the transitional period to that age. (Lat. mille, A Thousand, and annus, a Year.)

Mineralism; see -Ism.

MiNERisM ; see -Ism.

Minim, the least quantity, a standard of least measurement.

Minima, (Latin, pi. of Minimum), the low- est or least numbers or things.

Minimal, that which relates to what is least.

MiNiMisM ; see -Ism.

Minimum, (Latin), least point, least amount.

!MiNiTUDE, small quantity, contrasts with magnitude.

Minus, (Latin), less, less than ; with the subtraction of.

Minus Quantum, the lesser or inferior quantity.

Mnemosyne, in Greek Mythology, the Goddess of Memory, and Mother of the Muses.

Modicum, (Latin), a moderate quantity, a small proportion.

Modulated, slightly moulded.

MoDULisM ; see -Ism.

Monad, an ultimate atom or point. Each such atom or point is held by Leibnitz to contain all possibilities and attributes ; God himself to be merely the most developed Monad ; (Gr. Manas.)